A nurse is admitting a patient with a subarachnoid hemorrhage and expects to administer which of the following medications to decrease intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Nicardipine
Dopamine
Mannitol
Phenytoin .
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Nicardipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure. While it can be used in the management of subarachnoid hemorrhage, it is not primarily used to decrease intracranial pressure.
Choice B rationale
Dopamine is a type of medication used to treat certain conditions such as low blood pressure, heart failure, and Parkinson’s disease. It is not typically used to decrease intracranial pressure in the context of a subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Choice C rationale
Mannitol is a type of medication that is used to decrease intracranial pressure. It works by drawing fluid out of the brain to help reduce swelling.
Choice D rationale
Phenytoin is a medication used to control seizures. While it can be used in the management of subarachnoid hemorrhage, it is not primarily used to decrease intracranial pressure. Migraine Explore
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Smoking is a risk factor for many health conditions, including headaches. However, it is not a common precipitating factor in both tension-type and cluster headaches.
Choice B rationale
Depression can be associated with both tension-type and cluster headaches, but it is not a common precipitating factor for these types of headaches.
Choice C rationale
Stress is a common precipitating factor for both tension-type and cluster headaches. Both types of headaches can be triggered by psychological factors like stress.
Choice D rationale
Poor posture can contribute to tension-type headaches by causing muscle tension in the neck and shoulders. However, it is not a common precipitating factor for cluster headaches.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Anhidrosis, or the inability to sweat normally, is a potential side effect of anticholinergic agents. These medications block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that stimulates sweat glands among other functions. If a patient taking an anticholinergic agent for Parkinson’s disease experiences anhidrosis, they should report it to their healthcare provider as it can lead to overheating and heat stroke.
Choice B rationale
Tremors are a common symptom of Parkinson’s disease, and anticholinergic medications are often used to help control them. Therefore, while tremors should be monitored, they are not typically a side effect that needs to be reported unless they worsen or become unmanageable.
Choice C rationale
Drooling can be a symptom of Parkinson’s disease, but it is not typically a side effect of anticholinergic medications. In fact, these medications can sometimes cause dry mouth.
Choice D rationale
Rigidity, like tremors, is a common symptom of Parkinson’s disease. Anticholinergic medications can help manage rigidity, so it is not typically a side effect that needs to be reported unless it worsens.
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