A nurse is caring for a client who has headaches.
Which of the following precipitating factors is common in both tension-type headaches and cluster headaches?

Choice A rationale
Peripheral neuropathy is a result of damage to the peripheral nerves and is often associated with conditions like diabetes, infections, and traumatic injuries. It typically causes chronic pain, characterized by a burning or tingling sensation, rather than acute pain.
Choice B rationale

Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tenderness in localized areas. It is not an example of acute pain.
Choice C rationale
A surgical incision is a common cause of acute pain. Pain from a surgical incision occurs suddenly, usually as a result of tissue damage from the surgery, and it resolves once the tissue heals.
Choice D rationale
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can affect more than just your joints. It typically causes chronic pain, not acute pain.

Choice A rationale

Decreased visual acuity can increase the risk of falls, which are a common cause of head injuries in older adults. Impaired vision can affect balance and coordination, making it more difficult for an individual to navigate their environment safely.
Choice B rationale
While motor vehicle crashes can certainly lead to head injuries, they are not one of the most common causes of head injuries in older adults. Falls are actually the leading cause of head injuries in this population.
Choice C rationale
Polypharmacy, or the use of multiple medications by a patient, is common in older adults and can increase the risk of falls and, consequently, head injuries. Certain medications can cause side effects such as dizziness or confusion, which can lead to falls.
Choice D rationale
Weakness, particularly in the lower body, can increase the risk of falls and subsequent head injuries in older adults. Lower body weakness can affect an individual’s balance and mobility, making falls more likely.
Choice E rationale
Chronic hypertension can lead to a variety of health complications, including an increased risk of falls and head injuries. Hypertension can cause dizziness and balance problems, which can increase the risk of falls.