A nurse is teaching a group of unlicensed assistive personnel about urinary tract infections (UTIs) in clients who have vaginas. When describing why clients who have vaginas have higher rates of UTIs than clients who do not have vaginas, which of the following explanations should the nurse use?
Clients who have vaginas have more alkalotic urine which promotes the growth of bacteria.
Clients who have vaginas have a shorter urethra allowing bacteria to invade the bladder more easily.
Clients who have vaginas have decreased strength of the detrusor muscle.
Clients who have vaginas have a decreased bladder capacity.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: The pH of urine can vary, but having a more alkalotic urine does not necessarily promote the growth of bacteria. Urine is typically slightly acidic, which helps to prevent bacterial growth.
Choice B reason: The primary anatomical reason for the higher rates of UTIs in clients who have vaginas is the shorter length of the urethra compared to those who do not have vaginas. This shorter distance makes it easier for bacteria from the skin or rectal area to enter the bladder.
Choice C reason: The strength of the detrusor muscle, which controls the emptying of the bladder, does not have a direct correlation with the frequency of UTIs. UTIs are more related to bacterial invasion rather than muscle strength.
Choice D reason: Bladder capacity is generally not a factor in the frequency of UTIs. While residual urine can increase the risk of UTIs, this is not typically related to overall bladder capacity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Potassium is primarily excreted by the kidneys. While adequate renal function is necessary, the standard minimum urine output for adults is 30 mL/hour rather than 1 mL/kg/hour.
Choice B rationale: Low potassium levels (2.5 mEq/L) require long-term management. Educating the client on potassium-rich foods like bananas and potatoes helps prevent future depletion and supports overall electrolyte balance.
Choice C rationale: Severe hypokalemia and rapid IV replacement increase the risk of lethal cardiac dysrhythmias. Continuous ECG monitoring is vital to detect life-threatening changes in cardiac conduction and rhythm.
Choice D rationale: Following intravenous replacement, serum levels must be re-evaluated to confirm the effectiveness of the treatment and ensure the client does not develop iatrogenic hyperkalemia.
Choice E rationale: Dextrose stimulates insulin secretion, which causes an intracellular shift of potassium. This can lead to a further decrease in serum potassium levels, worsening the client's hypokalemia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: A hemoglobin level of 16 g/dL is within the normal range and does not indicate acute kidney injury.
Choice B reason: A BUN level of 15 mg/dL is also within the normal range and does not suggest acute kidney injury.
Choice C reason: A serum potassium level of 4.5 mEq/L is within the normal range and is not indicative of acute kidney injury.
Choice D reason: A serum creatinine level of 6 mg/dL is significantly elevated and indicates impaired kidney function, which is a hallmark of acute kidney injury.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today