A nurse is teaching a group of unlicensed assistive personnel about urinary tract infections (UTIs) in clients who have vaginas. When describing why clients who have vaginas have higher rates of UTIs than clients who do not have vaginas, which of the following explanations should the nurse use?
Clients who have vaginas have more alkalotic urine which promotes the growth of bacteria.
Clients who have vaginas have a shorter urethra allowing bacteria to invade the bladder more easily.
Clients who have vaginas have decreased strength of the detrusor muscle.
Clients who have vaginas have a decreased bladder capacity.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: The pH of urine can vary, but having a more alkalotic urine does not necessarily promote the growth of bacteria. Urine is typically slightly acidic, which helps to prevent bacterial growth.
Choice B reason: The primary anatomical reason for the higher rates of UTIs in clients who have vaginas is the shorter length of the urethra compared to those who do not have vaginas. This shorter distance makes it easier for bacteria from the skin or rectal area to enter the bladder.
Choice C reason: The strength of the detrusor muscle, which controls the emptying of the bladder, does not have a direct correlation with the frequency of UTIs. UTIs are more related to bacterial invasion rather than muscle strength.
Choice D reason: Bladder capacity is generally not a factor in the frequency of UTIs. While residual urine can increase the risk of UTIs, this is not typically related to overall bladder capacity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Flank pain is a common symptom of PKD due to the enlargement of cysts within the kidneys.
Choice B reason: Confusion is not a direct symptom of PKD but could be related to complications such as severe hypertension or toxins in the blood due to decreased kidney function.
Choice C reason: Hypotension is not typically associated with PKD; in fact, hypertension is a more common finding due to the disease's impact on kidney function.
Choice D reason: Urinary retention is not a typical finding in PKD. Instead, symptoms like hematuria (blood in the urine) and increased urinary frequency may occur.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Epoetin alfa is used to treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease, and iron supplementation is often required to support red blood cell production.
Choice B reason: Sodium intake does not need to be increased with epoetin alfa therapy and should be monitored carefully in clients with chronic kidney disease.
Choice C reason: Potassium levels should be monitored in chronic kidney disease and not necessarily increased, as hyperkalemia can be a concern.
Choice D reason: Protein intake should be managed carefully in chronic kidney disease to avoid excess nitrogen waste, which can be difficult for damaged kidneys to filter.
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