A nurse is monitoring an older adult female client who had a myocardial infarction (MI) for the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as indicating an increased risk of AKI?

Serum creatinine 1.8 mg/dL

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 200 mg/dL

Serum osmolality 290 mOsm/kg H2O

Magnesium 2.0 mEq/L

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B

Choice A reason: The normal range for serum creatinine in adult females is approximately 0.6–1.1 mg/dL. A level of 1.8 mg/dL is elevated and indicates impaired kidney function, which is a risk factor for AKI.

Choice B reason: Normal BUN levels are generally between 6 to 24 mg/dL⁸. A BUN level of 200 mg/dL is significantly elevated and suggests kidney dysfunction, which can lead to AKI.

Choice C reason: Serum osmolality in the normal range, which is typically between 275 to 295 mOsm/kg H2O for adults⁹[13][^10^][14][16], does not indicate an increased risk of AKI.

Choice D reason: The normal range for serum magnesium is typically 1.7 to 2.2 mg/dL or 0.85 to 1.10 mmol/L. A level of 2.0 mEq/L (which is equivalent to 2.0 mg/dL) is within the normal range and does not indicate an increased risk for AKI.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Furosemide does not require a diet low in potassium; in fact, patients may need to increase their potassium intake due to its diuretic effect.

Choice B reason: Patients on furosemide should not limit fluid intake unless specifically instructed by their healthcare provider, as the medication is a diuretic.

Choice C reason: Furosemide is used to treat high blood pressure, so it would not cause an increase in blood pressure.

Choice D reason: Limiting sun exposure and wearing sunscreen is important as furosemide can make the skin more sensitive to sunlight.

A. The client states that they consume a high calcium diet and have had high calcium in their blood. B. The client reports that they had two urinary tract infections (UTI) in the past 10 months. C. The client reports that they took a lot of ibuprofen for arthritis for many years. D. The client states that they remember their mother saying their grandmother had this same genetic disease.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: A high calcium diet and high blood calcium levels are not directly related to pyelonephritis.

Choice B reason: Recurrent UTIs can lead to pyelonephritis, especially if the infections ascend to the kidneys.

Choice C reason: Long-term use of ibuprofen can affect kidney function but is not a direct cause of pyelonephritis.

Choice D reason: Genetic diseases can affect kidney health, but there is no common genetic disease that directly causes pyelonephritis.

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A nurse is monitoring an older adult female client who had a myocardial infarction (MI) for the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as indicating an increased risk of AKI?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is discharging a client from the hospital who has a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is gathering medical history from a client admited for pyelonephritis. Which of the following should the nurse expect the client to report when asked about their medical history?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and has a blood glucose level of 550 mg/dL. Which of the following should the nurse assess the client for if diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is suspected?

A nurse is preparing to administer prescribed intravenous potassium replacement supplements to a client who has a potassium level of 2.5 mEq/L (normal range: 3.5 to 5 mEq/L). Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to include? (Select all that apply.)

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A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods that are high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)

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