A nurse is caring for a client in the clinic who has a distended bladder with discomfort over the area and a sense of fullness. Which of the following tests should the nurse expect the health care provider to order to determine if the client has urinary retention? (Select all that apply.)

Choice A reason: Epoetin alfa is used to treat anemia associated with chronic kidney disease, and iron supplementation is often required to support red blood cell production.

Choice B reason: Sodium intake does not need to be increased with epoetin alfa therapy and should be monitored carefully in clients with chronic kidney disease.

Choice C reason: Potassium levels should be monitored in chronic kidney disease and not necessarily increased, as hyperkalemia can be a concern.

Choice D reason: Protein intake should be managed carefully in chronic kidney disease to avoid excess nitrogen waste, which can be difficult for damaged kidneys to filter.

Choice A reason: The end of a menstrual period is not relevant to the intravenous pyelogram procedure.

Choice B reason: An allergy to shellfish is important to report as the contrast dye used in an intravenous pyelogram may contain iodine, which can cause an allergic reaction in individuals with shellfish allergies.

Choice C reason: Drinking fluids is generally encouraged to prevent kidney stones and is not a concern for the provider.

Choice D reason: Painful and red-tinged urination is a symptom of kidney stones but does not need to be reported unless it is a new or worsening symptom.