A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods that are high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)

Chocolate

Green Beans

Tomatoes

Bananas

Asparagus

Salt substitutes

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D,F

Choice A rationale
Chocolate is known to have moderate levels of potassium and should be limited in a diet for chronic kidney disease to prevent hyperkalemia¹.

Choice B rationale

Green beans are considered a lower potassium vegetable and can be included in a kidney-friendly diet in appropriate portions².

Choice C rationale

Tomatoes are high in potassium and should be avoided by individuals with chronic kidney disease to maintain safe potassium levels¹.

Choice D rationale

Bananas are very high in potassium and are one of the most well-known foods that individuals with chronic kidney disease are advised to avoid¹.

Choice E rationale

Asparagus is lower in potassium compared to other vegetables and can be consumed in moderation by people with chronic kidney disease².

Choice F rationale
Salt substitutes often contain potassium chloride and should be avoided as they can significantly increase potassium intake, which is harmful for those with chronic kidney disease¹.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Immobility is a significant risk factor for DVT as it can lead to stagnation of blood in the veins, increasing the risk of clot formation.

Choice B rationale
High calcium intake is not typically associated with an increased risk of DVT. Instead, factors like immobility, certain medications, and medical conditions are more influential.

Choice C rationale
Oral contraceptive use, especially those containing estrogen, can increase the risk of DVT due to their effect on blood clotting mechanisms.

Choice D rationale
A BMI of 20 is considered within the normal range and is not a risk factor for DVT. Obesity, which is a BMI of 30 or higher, would be a risk factor.

Choice E rationale
Hypertension itself is not a direct risk factor for DVT. However, it can be associated with other health conditions that may increase the risk of thrombosis.

A. Obtain orders from the health care provider to discontinue catheters as soon as possible. B. Remind clients to urinate right away when they have an urge and to completely empty their bladder. C. Promote perineal care that includes wiping the perineum from front to back. D. Encourage continuing prescribed antibiotics even if the client's symptoms have subsided. E. Encourage adequate fluid intake every day if appropriate.

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Removing catheters as soon as they are no longer necessary can significantly reduce the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs)¹.

Choice B rationale

While it is important for clients to urinate when they feel the urge, this practice alone is not specifically targeted at reducing the rate of urinary tract infections.

Choice C rationale

Teaching proper perineal care, including wiping from front to back, can help prevent the spread of bacteria to the urethra and reduce the risk of UTIs¹.

Choice D rationale

Continuing prescribed antibiotics until the full course is completed, even if symptoms improve, is crucial to ensure all bacteria are eliminated and to prevent antibiotic resistance³.

Choice E rationale

Adequate fluid intake helps flush bacteria from the urinary tract, which can decrease the incidence of UTIs¹.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about limiting foods that are high in potassium. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)

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