A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client following a hemodialysis treatment. The nurse should expect to find a decrease in which of the following laboratory values?
Calcium
Potassium
Protein
RBC count
The Correct Answer is B
Choice a) is incorrect because calcium levels are not directly affected by hemodialysis. Calcium is a mineral that is important for bone health, blood clotting, and muscle contraction. Hemodialysis does not remove calcium from the blood, but it may cause low calcium levels if the dialysate fluid has a lower concentration of calcium than the blood.
Choice b) is correct because potassium levels are decreased by hemodialysis. Potassium is an electrolyte that is essential for nerve and muscle function, especially the heart. Hemodialysis removes excess potassium from the blood, which can build up in people with kidney failure and cause irregular heartbeats, muscle weakness, or even cardiac arrest.
Choice c) is incorrect because protein levels are not decreased by hemodialysis. Protein is a macromolecule that is composed of amino acids and performs various functions in the body, such as building and repairing tissues, transporting substances, and regulating processes. Hemodialysis does not remove protein from the blood, but it may cause low protein levels if the client has a poor diet or loses protein through other means, such as urine or wounds.
Choice d) is incorrect because RBC count is not decreased by hemodialysis. RBCs are red blood cells that carry oxygen throughout the body. Hemodialysis does not remove RBCs from the blood, but it may cause low RBC count if the client has anemia, which is a common complication of kidney failure. Anemia can be caused by reduced production of erythropoietin (a hormone that stimulates RBC production), iron deficiency, or blood loss.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is incorrect. The balloons should not be deflated without a physician's order, as this can cause rebleeding or aspiration.
Choice B Reason: This is incorrect. The head of the bed should be elevated to 30 to 45 degrees to reduce pressure on the balloons and prevent gastric reflux.
Choice C Reason: This is correct. The nurse should monitor the client closely for signs of complications, such as airway obstruction, aspiration, or balloon rupture. The nurse should also keep scissors at the bedside to cut the tube and release the balloons in case of an emergency.
Choice D Reason: This is incorrect. The tube should not be suctioned, as this can damage the mucosa and cause bleeding. The nurse should only aspirate gastric contents through the gastric lumen to decompress the stomach.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason: This is incorrect. Anginal pain usually lasts less than 20 min and subsides with rest or medication. Pain that lasts longer than 20 min may indicate a myocardial infarction.
Choice B Reason: This is incorrect. Anginal pain usually responds to rest and organic nitrates, such as nitroglycerin. Pain that does not improve with these measures may indicate unstable angina or a myocardial infarction.
Choice C Reason: This is incorrect. Anginal pain is not affected by the position of the client. Pain that is relieved by sitting up may indicate pericarditis or pleurisy.
Choice D Reason: This is correct. Anginal pain is caused by a temporary imbalance between the oxygen demand and supply of the myocardium. Factors that increase the oxygen demand, such as exertion, anxiety, cold, or heavy meals, can trigger anginal pain.
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