A nurse is caring for a client who is in the compensatory stage of shock. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Choice A: Provide a brightly lit environment is not an intervention that the nurse should take. A brightly lit environment can stimulate the brain and increase intracranial pressure. The nurse should provide a quiet and dimly lit environment to reduce sensory stimuli and promote rest.

Choice B: Elevate the head of the bed is an intervention that the nurse should take. Elevating the head of the bed to 30 degrees can help reduce intracranial pressure by facilitating venous drainage from the brain and decreasing cerebral blood volume. The nurse should avoid flexing or extending the neck, which can impede blood flow and increase intracranial pressure.

Choice C: Encourage a minimum intake of 2000 mL (67.6 oz) of clear fluids per day is not an intervention that the nurse should take. A high fluid intake can increase intracranial pressure by increasing blood volume and cerebral edema. The nurse should monitor fluid balance and restrict fluid intake as prescribed to maintain normal osmolality and prevent fluid overload.

Choice D: Teach controlled coughing and deep breathing is not an intervention that the nurse should take. Coughing and deep breathing can increase intrathoracic pressure, which can increase intracranial pressure by reducing venous return from the brain. The nurse should avoid activities that can increase intrathoracic pressure, such as straining, sneezing, or blowing the nose. The nurse should also administer oxygen as prescribed to maintain adequate oxygenation and perfusion of the brain.

Choice a) is correct because copies of insurance cards can help clients access medical care and claim compensation in case of a disaster. Insurance cards can also serve as a form of identification if other documents are lost or damaged.

Choice b) is correct because a whistle can help clients signal for help or locate each other in case of an emergency. A whistle can also deter potential atackers or wild animals.

Choice c) is incorrect because antibiotics are not recommended to be included in a disaster readiness supply kit or “go bag”. Antibiotics are prescription drugs that should only be used under the guidance of a health care provider. Using antibiotics without proper indication, dosage, or duration can cause adverse effects, such as allergic reactions, resistance, or superinfection.

Choice d) is correct because household bleach can be used to disinfect water, surfaces, or wounds in case of a disaster. Household bleach can also be used to create chlorine gas, which can be used as a weapon or a deterrent.

Choice e) is correct because pencil and paper can be used to write down important information, such as contact numbers, medical history, or evacuation plans. Pencil and paper can also be used to communicate with others, especially if there is no access to phone or internet services.