Which finding in the patient's history increases the risk for acute pancreatitis?

Congestive heart failure

Emphysema

Alcohol abuse

Diabetes mellitus

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Congestive heart failure is not directly associated with an increased risk of developing acute pancreatitis. While it can contribute to overall health deterioration, it does not cause the condition.

Choice B rationale
Emphysema primarily affects the lungs and does not increase the risk of acute pancreatitis. It is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is unrelated to pancreatic function.

Choice C rationale
Alcohol abuse is a well-known risk factor for acute pancreatitis. It can lead to repeated episodes of inflammation in the pancreas, which can eventually become chronic and lead to acute pancreatitis.

Choice D rationale
Diabetes mellitus is a result of chronic pancreatitis or can be a comorbidity, but it is not a direct cause of acute pancreatitis. However, it can be associated with complications related to the pancreas.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Liver cirrhosis is the most common cause of esophageal varices and portal hypertension. Cirrhosis leads to scarring of the liver, which impedes blood flow through the portal vein, causing increased pressure (portal hypertension) and the development of collateral blood vessels (varices) as the body attempts to bypass the blockage.

Choice B rationale
Throat lacerations are not related to the development of esophageal varices or portal hypertension. They are typically acute injuries and do not cause the chronic changes seen in the vasculature associated with these conditions.

Choice C rationale
Kyphosis, a curvature of the spine, does not cause esophageal varices or portal hypertension. It is a structural skeletal condition and does not affect the vasculature of the esophagus or the portal venous system.

Choice D rationale
While squamous cell cancer can occur in the esophagus, it is not a typical cause of portal hypertension or esophageal varices. These varices are usually a result of increased pressure in the portal vein, not directly from a malignancy.

A. Jaundice of the sclera B. Bluish discoloration of the periumbilical area C. Left abdominal pain that occurs with movement D. Bluish discoloration of the flank area

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Jaundice of the sclera is indicative of hyperbilirubinemia, which can occur in various liver diseases but is not specifically associated with Grey Turner's sign or pancreatitis.

Choice B rationale
Bluish discoloration of the periumbilical area, known as Cullen's sign, is another indicator of severe pancreatitis but is distinct from Grey Turner's sign, which specifically refers to the flank area.

Choice C rationale
Left abdominal pain that occurs with movement may be a symptom experienced by patients with pancreatitis, but it is not referred to as Grey Turner's sign, which is a physical finding rather than a symptom.

Choice D rationale
Grey Turner's sign is characterized by bluish discoloration of the flank area. It is a sign of retroperitoneal hemorrhage, which can occur in severe cases of pancreatitis due to the spread of pancreatic enzymes to surrounding tissues, leading to localized bleeding.

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Which finding in the patient's history increases the risk for acute pancreatitis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is admitted with esophageal varices and portal hypertension. Which underlying cause of these conditions would the nurse suspect?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which finding for a patient with pancreatitis is termed Grey Turner's sign?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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