Which of the following are causes of intrarenal acute kidney injury? (Select all that apply.)
Hemoglobin from hemolyzed RBCs
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Prostate cancer
Myoglobin release from necrotic muscle cells
Nephrotoxins
Correct Answer : A,D,E
Choice A rationale
Hemoglobin released from hemolyzed red blood cells (RBCs) can cause intrarenal acute kidney injury by obstructing the renal tubules and damaging the nephrons.
Choice B rationale
Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a cause of postrenal, not intrarenal, acute kidney injury as it can obstruct the flow of urine out of the bladder.
Choice C rationale
Prostate cancer, similar to benign prostatic hyperplasia, typically leads to postrenal acute kidney injury due to urinary obstruction.
Choice D rationale
Myoglobin released from necrotic muscle cells, as seen in conditions like rhabdomyolysis, can cause intrarenal acute kidney injury by precipitating in the renal tubules.
Choice E rationale
Nephrotoxins, such as certain medications, chemicals, or toxins, can directly damage the kidney tissue, leading to intrarenal acute kidney injury.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Applying a new patch at the onset of anginal pain is not recommended for transdermal nitroglycerin. This medication is used for long-term prevention of angina, not for immediate relief.
Choice B rationale
Covering the patch with plastic wrap is not necessary and is not a standard instruction for the use of transdermal nitroglycerin patches.
Choice C rationale
Applying a new patch each morning ensures that the medication is delivered consistently throughout the day, which is important for the management of stable angina.
Choice D rationale
Removing the patch for 10 to 12 hours daily, typically at night, helps prevent tolerance to the medication, ensuring its effectiveness.
Choice E rationale
Applying the patch to a hairless area and rotating sites helps to prevent skin irritation and ensures better adherence of the patch to the skin.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Immobility is a significant risk factor for DVT as it can lead to stagnation of blood in the veins, increasing the risk of clot formation.
Choice B rationale
High calcium intake is not typically associated with an increased risk of DVT. Instead, factors like immobility, certain medications, and medical conditions are more influential.
Choice C rationale
Oral contraceptive use, especially those containing estrogen, can increase the risk of DVT due to their effect on blood clotting mechanisms.
Choice D rationale
A BMI of 20 is considered within the normal range and is not a risk factor for DVT. Obesity, which is a BMI of 30 or higher, would be a risk factor.
Choice E rationale
Hypertension itself is not a direct risk factor for DVT. However, it can be associated with other health conditions that may increase the risk of thrombosis.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.