A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis A about preventing the transmission of the virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching?
Wear barrier protection during vaginal intercourse.
Avoid sharing needles with others.
Avoid eating at fast food restaurants.
Practice effective hand hygiene.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Wearing barrier protection during vaginal intercourse is a general precaution to prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including hepatitis B and C. However, hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, not sexual contact.
Choice B rationale
Avoiding needle sharing is critical for preventing the spread of bloodborne pathogens, including hepatitis B and C. While it is always good practice, hepatitis A is not typically transmitted through blood.
Choice C rationale
The suggestion to avoid eating at fast food restaurants does not directly relate to the prevention of hepatitis A. The virus is usually spread through contaminated food or water, so ensuring food safety is important, but singling out fast food restaurants is not necessary.
Choice D rationale
Practicing effective hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the transmission of hepatitis A. The virus can be spread through close contact or ingestion of contaminated food or water, so washing hands can significantly reduce the risk.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Monitoring fluid and electrolytes is essential in managing ascites to prevent complications such as fluid overload or electrolyte imbalances, which can exacerbate the condition.
Choice B rationale
Providing a high-sodium diet is not recommended for patients with ascites. Sodium restriction is typically advised to help manage fluid retention.
Choice C rationale
Anticipating paracentesis is appropriate as it is a procedure used to remove excess fluid from the abdominal cavity, providing relief from discomfort and respiratory difficulty.
Choice D rationale
Encouraging high-fluid intake is not recommended for ascites management. Fluid restriction may be necessary to prevent further accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity.
Choice E rationale
Administering an albumin infusion can be part of the treatment for ascites, especially following paracentesis, to help maintain blood volume and pressure.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
In the case of hyperkalemia, which can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias, the most immediate nursing action is to place the patient on a cardiac monitor. This allows for continuous monitoring of the heart's rhythm and immediate detection of any life-threatening changes, which is crucial for timely intervention.
Choice B rationale
Inserting a urinary retention catheter may be necessary for managing oliguria, but it is not the most urgent action when compared to the potential cardiac risks associated with hyperkalemia.
Choice C rationale
Administering spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, could be part of the treatment for hyperkalemia, but it is not the first action to take. Spironolactone works more slowly and does not address the immediate risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
Choice D rationale
Epoetin alfa (Epogen) is used to treat anemia, particularly in chronic kidney disease, to increase red blood cell production. However, it does not have an immediate effect and is not the priority in the presence of hyperkalemia and potential cardiac complications.
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