A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about dietary sources of potassium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will enjoy eating cantaloupe for my morning snack."

"I can easily add baked potatoes to my diet."

"Eating yogurt will be a new experience."

"Adding pecans will be a change I can readily make."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale: Cantaloupe is high in potassium. Clients with acute kidney injury (AKI) have impaired potassium excretion, and consuming high-potassium foods increases the risk of hyperkalemia, which can lead to cardiac arrhythmias.

Choice B rationale: Baked potatoes contain significant potassium, especially in the skin. In AKI, potassium retention is dangerous, so this choice reflects poor understanding of dietary restrictions for renal safety.

Choice C rationale: Yogurt is rich in potassium and phosphorus. In AKI, both electrolytes may accumulate due to reduced renal clearance, making yogurt an inappropriate choice without close monitoring.

Choice D rationale: Pecans are low in potassium, making them a safer snack for clients with AKI. Choosing low-potassium foods demonstrates appropriate understanding of renal dietary management.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Dizziness can be a symptom of DKA due to dehydration; however, it is not as specific as mental status changes.

Choice B reason: Nervousness is not a specific symptom of DKA and can be related to high blood glucose levels rather than DKA itself.

Choice C reason: Mental status changes such as confusion or altered consciousness are significant indicators of DKA and require immediate medical atention.

Choice D reason: Cool, clammy skin is not typically associated with DKA; instead, DKA can present with dry skin and mouth due to dehydration.

A. A raised red rash around the fistula site B. Coldness and numbness distal to the fistula site C. Pain in the right arm proximal to the fistula site D. Foul-smelling drainage from the fistula site

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: A raised red rash is not typically indicative of venous insufficiency but could suggest an allergic reaction or infection.

Choice B reason: Coldness and numbness distal to the fistula site can indicate poor blood flow, which is a symptom of venous insufficiency.

Choice C reason: Pain proximal to the fistula site can be a sign of venous hypertension and insufficiency, as it may

indicate increased pressure in the veins.

Choice D reason: Foul-smelling drainage is not a typical sign of venous insufficiency but may indicate an infection.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about dietary sources of potassium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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