A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?

Hypernatremia

Hypophosphatemia

Hypercalcemia

Hyperkalemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Hypernatremia, which is an abnormally high level of sodium in the blood, is not typically associated with prerenal AKI. Prerenal AKI is often related to hypovolemia, which can lead to hyponatremia rather than hypernatremia.

Choice B reason: Hypophosphatemia, or low levels of phosphate in the blood, is not a common finding in prerenal AKI. Phosphate levels are more often affected in intrinsic renal diseases or refeeding syndrome.

Choice C reason: Hypercalcemia, or high levels of calcium in the blood, is not commonly seen in prerenal AKI. It is more frequently associated with malignancies or hyperparathyroidism.

Choice D reason: Hyperkalemia, which is an elevated level of potassium in the blood, is a common electrolyte imbalance in prerenal AKI. This occurs due to decreased renal perfusion and the kidney's reduced ability to excrete potassium.

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Correct Answer is ["A","E","F"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Postvoid urine residual measurement is a direct method to assess for urinary retention.

Choice B reason: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels may indicate kidney function but not specifically urinary retention.

Choice C reason: A cystourethrogram is used to visualize the bladder and urethra, which may not be the first choice for assessing urinary retention.

Choice D reason: Creatinine levels indicate kidney function but not urinary retention.

Choice E reason: A kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB) x-ray can show the size of the bladder and may indicate retention.

Choice F reason: A bladder scan is a non-invasive way to measure the amount of urine in the bladder and assess for

retention.

A. Water moves from areas where the concentration of sodium is higher to areas where the concentration is lower. B. Water moves from areas where the concentration of sodium is lower to areas where the concentration is higher. C. Sodium moves from areas where the concentration of solute is lower to areas where the concentration is higher. D. Water and sodium particles move together to areas where sodium particles are higher.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect because, during dehydration, water does not move towards areas of lower sodium concentration.

Choice B reason: This is correct because, during dehydration, the body retains sodium, and water follows by osmosis to areas where sodium concentration is higher, which can result in elevated sodium levels.

Choice C reason: Sodium does not typically move across membranes in response to solute concentration gradients; water does.

Choice D reason: Water moves independently of sodium particles, not necessarily together, and it moves towards areas of higher solute concentration.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client in the clinic who has a distended bladder with discomfort over the area and a sense of fullness. Which of the following tests should the nurse expect the health care provider to order to determine if the client has urinary retention? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","E","F"]

Explanation

A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about fluid shifts. The newly licensed nurse asks why sodium levels are high during dehydration. Which of the following responses should the charge nurse provide?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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