A nurse is caring for a client who has kidney cancer and has been informed that it has metastasized. Which of the following statements should the nurse make when the client asks what metastasis means?

Choice A reason: Air embolism is a potential complication during hemodialysis, but it would likely present with more acute symptoms such as chest pain or difficulty breathing.

Choice B reason: Septicemia would typically present with fever and hypotension, not necessarily with headache, nausea, and restlessness.

Choice C reason: Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome can occur after hemodialysis, especially after the first treatment, and is characterized by symptoms such as headache, nausea, and restlessness.

Choice D reason: Peritonitis is a complication associated with peritoneal dialysis, not hemodialysis.

The correct answer is choice D. “Adding pecans will be a change I can readily make.”

Choice A rationale: Cantaloupe is a fruit that is high in potassium. For individuals with acute kidney injury, it is important to limit potassium intake because their kidneys may not be able to effectively eliminate excess potassium from the bloodstream. Therefore, choosing cantaloupe for a snack would not indicate an understanding of the dietary restrictions necessary for managing potassium levels.

Choice B rationale: Baked potatoes are another food item that contains a significant amount of potassium. Similar to cantaloupe, consuming baked potatoes would not be advisable for someone who needs to control their potassium intake due to impaired kidney function. The client’s statement about adding baked potatoes to their diet does not reflect an understanding of the teaching provided.

Choice C rationale: Yogurt, while a nutritious food, also contains a considerable amount of potassium. For a client with acute kidney injury, eating yogurt could contribute to an undesirable increase in potassium levels, which the damaged kidneys may not be able to process efficiently. Thus, the client’s interest in eating yogurt does not demonstrate a correct understanding of the dietary guidelines given their condition.

Choice D rationale: Pecans are a low-potassium food option, making them a suitable choice for someone with acute kidney injury who needs to monitor and limit their potassium intake. The client’s willingness to add pecans to their diet indicates a proper understanding of the dietary changes necessary to manage their condition effectively. Therefore, this choice is the correct answer.