A nurse is caring for a client who has polycystic kidney disease (PKD). The client is admited to the hospital for renal calculi and reports that their abdomen has been getting bigger. Which of the following statements by the nurse is the best explanation for the increase in abdominal girth?

"The kidney infection has caused narrowing of the ureters, and your abdomen has filled with fluid."

"The kidneys continue to enlarge due to the cysts growing, which increases the girth of your abdomen."

"The stones might descend into the ureters, blocking the flow of urine and causing an increase in the girth of your abdomen."

"The in?ammation in your kidneys damages the filtration system, which causes fluid retention in your abdomen."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: While kidney infections can cause swelling, they typically do not lead to a significant increase in abdominal girth unless associated with severe obstruction or advanced kidney disease.

Choice B reason: In PKD, the kidneys can become significantly enlarged due to the growth of numerous cysts, which

can indeed lead to an increase in abdominal girth.

Choice C reason: While stones can cause blockage and swelling, they would not typically result in a generalized increase in abdominal girth unless there is an associated infection or severe obstruction.

Choice D reason: Inflammation can lead to fluid retention, but in the context of PKD, it is the cysts' growth that primarily contributes to increased kidney size and abdominal girth.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Periorbital edema, dark frothy urine, and elevated blood pressure are more indicative of conditions like nephrotic syndrome rather than kidney stones.

Choice B reason: Severe flank pain, nausea, and vomiting are classic symptoms associated with kidney stones, and such clients should be educated on kidney stone prevention.

Choice C reason: Polyuria, nocturia, proteinuria, and a palpable kidney mass could suggest other renal issues, but not specifically kidney stones.

Choice D reason: Urinary urgency, weak urine stream, and dysuria could be symptoms of a urinary tract infection or prostate issues in males, rather than kidney stones.

A. BUN and creatinine levels decrease. B. Renal function is reestablished. C. Urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hr. D. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) recovers.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: During the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, BUN and creatinine levels typically increase, not decrease, due to reduced kidney function.

Choice B reason: Renal function is not reestablished during the oliguric phase; this phase is characterized by decreased function.

Choice C reason: The oliguric phase is defined by significantly reduced urine output, often less than 400 mL per 24 hours.

Choice D reason: The GFR does not recover during the oliguric phase; it is usually decreased.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has polycystic kidney disease (PKD). The client is admited to the hospital for renal calculi and reports that their abdomen has been getting bigger. Which of the following statements by the nurse is the best explanation for the increase in abdominal girth?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for four clients on the urology unit. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to teach about kidney stone prevention?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following arterial blood gas (ABG) values would the nurse expect this client to have?

A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following are expected findings? (Select all that apply).

A nurse is caring for a client who has nephrotic syndrome and is receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy. For which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse monitor?

A nurse removes a client's Foley catheter and documents that the client urinates 4 hours later. Which of the following elements of postoperative care is the nurse performing?

A nurse is caring for a client in a clinic who has foul-smelling urine, a low-grade fever of 37.7°C (100°F), and pain with urination. Which of the following should the nurse expect the health care provider to order? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is discussing laboratory values associated with the renal system with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the values?

A nurse is caring for a male client who reports nausea and vomiting and is receiving IV fluid therapy. His blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is 32 mg/dL, creatinine is 1.1 mg/dL, and hematocrit is 50%. Which of the following nursing interventions is appropriate?