A nurse is caring for a 68-kg (150-lb) client who has dehydration. Which of the following manifestations is an indication of effective treatment?

Urine specific gravity 1.005 to 1.030

Decreased pulse pressure

Lightheadedness

Urine output 75 mL in 1 hr

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is D. Urine output 75 mL in 1 hr.

Adequate urine output (at least 30 mL/hr) indicates effective hydration, showing that the kidneys are functioning properly and fluid balance is improving. A urine output of 75 mL in 1 hour suggests sufficient fluid replacement.

Here’s why the other options are incorrect:

A. Urine specific gravity 1.005 to 1.030 – This range covers both normal and abnormal values. In dehydration, urine specific gravity is usually high (>1.030) due to concentrated urine. Effective treatment should lead to lower urine specific gravity, but the full range does not confirm improvement.
B. Decreased pulse pressure – Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Dehydration typically causes a narrowed pulse pressure, so improvement should lead to a normal or increased pulse pressure rather than a decrease.
C. Lightheadedness – Dizziness and lightheadedness are signs of dehydration-related hypotension. Effective hydration should resolve these symptoms, not maintain them.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: As CKD progresses, the kidneys' ability to filter blood decreases, leading to an increase in urine albumin, a sign of kidney damage.

Choice B reason: GFR would decrease, not increase, as CKD progresses because the kidneys' filtering capacity diminishes.

Choice C reason: Creatinine levels would increase, not decrease, as kidney function worsens in CKD.

Choice D reason: Proteinuria would increase, not decrease, as CKD progresses due to the kidneys' impaired filtering

ability

A. Muscle spasms B. Constipation C. Headache D. Metallic taste

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Muscle spasms are not typically associated with aluminum hydroxide use.

Choice B reason: Constipation is a common adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide, especially when used as a

phosphate binder in clients with renal failure.

Choice C reason: Headaches are not commonly reported as an adverse effect of aluminum hydroxide.

Choice D reason: A metallic taste is not a common adverse effect associated with aluminum hydroxide.

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A nurse is caring for a 68-kg (150-lb) client who has dehydration. Which of the following manifestations is an indication of effective treatment?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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