A nurse is caring for a 68-kg (150-lb) client who has dehydration. Which of the following manifestations is an indication of effective treatment?

Urine specific gravity 1.005 to 1.030

Decreased pulse pressure

Lightheadedness

Urine output 75 mL in 1 hr

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is D. Urine output 75 mL in 1 hr.

Adequate urine output (at least 30 mL/hr) indicates effective hydration, showing that the kidneys are functioning properly and fluid balance is improving. A urine output of 75 mL in 1 hour suggests sufficient fluid replacement.

Here’s why the other options are incorrect:

A. Urine specific gravity 1.005 to 1.030 – This range covers both normal and abnormal values. In dehydration, urine specific gravity is usually high (>1.030) due to concentrated urine. Effective treatment should lead to lower urine specific gravity, but the full range does not confirm improvement.
B. Decreased pulse pressure – Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Dehydration typically causes a narrowed pulse pressure, so improvement should lead to a normal or increased pulse pressure rather than a decrease.
C. Lightheadedness – Dizziness and lightheadedness are signs of dehydration-related hypotension. Effective hydration should resolve these symptoms, not maintain them.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Maintaining the client in a left lateral position is not specifically required for peritoneal dialysis. Positioning may vary based on the individual's comfort and specific medical needs.

Choice B reason: While monitoring vital signs is important during any medical procedure, it is not an intervention that directly ensures proper dialysate exchange in peritoneal dialysis.

Choice C reason: Warming the dialysate solution prior to instillation is a standard practice in peritoneal dialysis. It helps to promote patient comfort and more efficient exchange of wastes and fluids.

Choice D reason: Placing the drainage bag above the level of the client's abdomen would impede gravity drainage, which is necessary for proper dialysate exchange. The drainage bag should be placed below the level of the client's abdomen.

A. "The kidney infection has caused narrowing of the ureters, and your abdomen has filled with fluid." B. "The kidneys continue to enlarge due to the cysts growing, which increases the girth of your abdomen." C. "The stones might descend into the ureters, blocking the flow of urine and causing an increase in the girth of your abdomen." D. "The in?ammation in your kidneys damages the filtration system, which causes fluid retention in your abdomen."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: While kidney infections can cause swelling, they typically do not lead to a significant increase in abdominal girth unless associated with severe obstruction or advanced kidney disease.

Choice B reason: In PKD, the kidneys can become significantly enlarged due to the growth of numerous cysts, which

can indeed lead to an increase in abdominal girth.

Choice C reason: While stones can cause blockage and swelling, they would not typically result in a generalized increase in abdominal girth unless there is an associated infection or severe obstruction.

Choice D reason: Inflammation can lead to fluid retention, but in the context of PKD, it is the cysts' growth that primarily contributes to increased kidney size and abdominal girth.

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A nurse is caring for a 68-kg (150-lb) client who has dehydration. Which of the following manifestations is an indication of effective treatment?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who is to begin receiving peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement to ensure proper dialysate exchange?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has polycystic kidney disease (PKD). The client is admited to the hospital for renal calculi and reports that their abdomen has been getting bigger. Which of the following statements by the nurse is the best explanation for the increase in abdominal girth?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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