A nurse is teaching a client who is at 20 weeks of gestation about how to manage heartburn. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Answer: A

Rationale: A) "Empty your ostomy pouch when it is half full.": This instruction is essential to prevent the pouch from becoming too heavy, which can cause leakage or discomfort. Regular emptying also helps maintain the integrity of the pouching system and prevents leaks.

B) "Notify the provider if your stoma becomes pink and moist.": While it's crucial to monitor the stoma's appearance for signs of complications, a pink and moist stoma typically indicates healthy tissue. This instruction may cause unnecessary concern for the client.

C) "Use a moisturizing soap to cleanse your stoma.": Moisturizing soap is not recommended for stoma cleansing, as it may leave a residue that interferes with the pouch's adhesion and can lead to skin irritation. Instead, the client should use warm water and a mild, non-moisturizing soap.

D) "Apply sterile gloves when changing your ostomy pouch.": While hand hygiene is essential when managing an ostomy, sterile gloves are not necessary for routine pouch changes. Clean, non-sterile gloves or thorough handwashing with soap and water are sufficient to prevent infection.

A. "I will position the shoulder harness straps 3 inches above my baby's shoulders.": The shoulder harness straps should be positioned at or below the baby's shoulders, not above them, to ensure proper restraint in the event of a crash. Placing the straps too high can increase the risk of injury to the baby.
B. "I will position my baby at a 45-degree angle in the car seat.": This statement indicates an understanding of proper car seat positioning for a newborn. Newborns should be positioned at a 45-degree angle in a rear-facing car seat to keep the airway open and prevent head flopping, which can restrict breathing. This angle helps to keep the baby's head from falling forward and blocking the airway.
C. "I will turn the car seat forward-facing when my baby is 1 year old.": It is recommended to keep infants in a rear-facing car seat until they reach the maximum weight or height limit specified by the car seat manufacturer, typically around 2 years of age. Turning the car seat forward-facing prematurely increases the risk of injury to the baby's head, neck, and spine in the event of a crash.
D. "I will place the retainer clip on my baby's upper abdomen.": The retainer clip, also known as the chest clip, should be positioned at armpit level to properly secure the harness straps over the baby's shoulders. Placing the clip on the baby's upper abdomen can result in improper restraint and increase the risk of injury in a crash.