A nurse is admitting a school-age child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following types of isolation precautions should the nurse initiate?

Contact

Airborne

Protective environment

Droplet

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Contact precautions are used for infections transmitted by direct or indirect contact with the client or their environment. Examples include MRSA, C. difficile, and other multidrug-resistant organisms.
B. Airborne precautions are used for infections transmitted by small droplets that remain suspended in the air and can be inhaled. Examples include tuberculosis (TB), measles, and chickenpox (varicella).
C. Protective environment precautions are typically used for clients with compromised immune systems, such as those undergoing stem cell transplants, to protect them from environmental pathogens.
D. Droplet precautions are used for infections transmitted by large respiratory droplets that can travel up to approximately 3 feet. Examples include bacterial meningitis, influenza, and pertussis. Therefore, the nurse should initiate droplet precautions for the school-age child with bacterial meningitis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hepatitis A - Hepatitis A vaccine is typically administered in two doses, with the first dose given at 12-23 months of age. It is not routinely given at 2 months of age.
B. Rotavirus - Rotavirus vaccine is recommended for administration at 2 months of age, with subsequent doses given at 4 and 6 months. It helps protect against rotavirus infection, a common cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children.
C. Influenza - Influenza vaccine is usually not administered until 6 months of age. Infants younger than 6 months are considered too young to receive the influenza vaccine.
D. Varicella - Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine is typically given in two doses, with the first dose recommended at 12-15 months of age. It is not routinely administered at 2 months of age.

A. The nurse wears an N95 respirator when performing client care. B. The nurse places the client on airborne precautions. C. The nurse ensures the client's room maintains a positive airflow. D. The nurse has the client wear a mask for transport to radiology.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The nurse wears an N95 respirator when performing client care: Measles is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets. Wearing an N95 respirator provides appropriate respiratory protection for the nurse when caring for a client with measles. This action is appropriate and does not require intervention by the charge nurse.
B. The nurse places the client on airborne precautions: Measles is transmitted via airborne droplets, so placing the client on airborne precautions is necessary to prevent the spread of the disease to others. This action is appropriate and aligns with infection control guidelines.
C. The nurse ensures the client's room maintains a positive airflow: Positive airflow can potentially contribute to the spread of airborne pathogens outside the room, increasing the risk of transmission to others. For clients with airborne infections like measles, negative airflow rooms are required to minimize the risk of transmission to healthcare workers and other clients. Therefore, the charge nurse should intervene and correct this action.
D. The nurse has the client wear a mask for transport to radiology: Having the client wear a mask during transport helps minimize the spread of infectious droplets to others in the facility. This action is appropriate and aligns with infection control measures for airborne precautions

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A nurse is admitting a school-age child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following types of isolation precautions should the nurse initiate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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