A nurse is teaching the parents of a school-age child who has sickle cell anemia about managing the disease at home.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Report sudden, persistent headaches.
Apply cold compresses to painful areas.
Restrict fluid intake during times of stress.
Avoid meningococcal immunizations.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
The nurse should instruct the parents to report sudden, persistent headaches in a child with sickle cell anemia because it could be a sign of a cerebrovascular accident (stroke) Sickle cell anemia predisposes individuals to vaso-occlusive crises, which can lead to stroke due to impaired blood flow. Early detection and intervention are crucial in preventing complications.
Choice B rationale:
Applying cold compresses to painful areas may help in managing pain during vaso-occlusive crises, but it is not as critical as identifying signs of more severe complications such as stroke. This instruction does not address the urgency of reporting sudden, persistent headaches.
Choice C rationale:
Restricting fluid intake during times of stress is not appropriate for a child with sickle cell anemia. In fact, maintaining adequate hydration is important to prevent vaso-occlusive crises. Dehydration can exacerbate sickling of red blood cells, leading to more pain and complications.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding meningococcal immunizations is not appropriate for a child with sickle cell anemia. In fact, children with sickle cell disease are at an increased risk of infections, including meningitis. Immunizations, including those for meningococcus, are essential to prevent life-threatening infections in these individuals.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Incorrect. A Glasgow coma scale (GCS) rating of 15 indicates that the client is able to obey commands.
B. Correct. A GCS rating of 15 indicates that the client is fully conscious and oriented to person, place, and time.
C. Incorrect. Opening eyes to sound is a response associated with the eye-opening component of the GCS score, but this response does not provide information about the client's orientation.
D. Incorrect. Withdrawing from pain is a response associated with the motor component of the GCS score, but this response does not provide information about the client's orientation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Correct. Banana slices are a soft and easily manageable food that encourages a toddler's independence in eating. They can be easily held by the toddler and self-fed.
B. Incorrect. Hot dogs are a choking hazard due to their shape and texture, which can increase the risk of choking in young children.
C. Incorrect. Grapes are also a choking hazard for young children, as they can easily block the airway if not cut into small pieces.
D. Incorrect. Popcorn is a choking hazard due to its size, shape, and hardness. It should be avoided in young children.
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