A nurse is teaching the parents of a school-age child who has sickle cell anemia about managing the disease at home.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Report sudden, persistent headaches.
Apply cold compresses to painful areas.
Restrict fluid intake during times of stress.
Avoid meningococcal immunizations.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
The nurse should instruct the parents to report sudden, persistent headaches in a child with sickle cell anemia because it could be a sign of a cerebrovascular accident (stroke) Sickle cell anemia predisposes individuals to vaso-occlusive crises, which can lead to stroke due to impaired blood flow. Early detection and intervention are crucial in preventing complications.
Choice B rationale:
Applying cold compresses to painful areas may help in managing pain during vaso-occlusive crises, but it is not as critical as identifying signs of more severe complications such as stroke. This instruction does not address the urgency of reporting sudden, persistent headaches.
Choice C rationale:
Restricting fluid intake during times of stress is not appropriate for a child with sickle cell anemia. In fact, maintaining adequate hydration is important to prevent vaso-occlusive crises. Dehydration can exacerbate sickling of red blood cells, leading to more pain and complications.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding meningococcal immunizations is not appropriate for a child with sickle cell anemia. In fact, children with sickle cell disease are at an increased risk of infections, including meningitis. Immunizations, including those for meningococcus, are essential to prevent life-threatening infections in these individuals.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is Choice A.
Choice A rationale: “What are the voices telling you?” This is the priority response because it directly addresses the client’s immediate concern. The nurse is acknowledging the client’s experience and seeking to understand more about it. This can help the nurse assess the potential for harm to the client or others, as the voices may be instructing the client to engage in dangerous behaviors.
Choice B rationale: “Have you taken your medication today?” While medication adherence is important in managing schizophrenia, this response does not address the client’s immediate concern about hearing voices. It may also come across as dismissive of the client’s experience.
Choice C rationale: “I realize the voices are real to you, but I don’t hear anything.” This response validates the client’s experience, but it does not gather further information about what the voices are saying, which is crucial for assessing safety.
Choice D rationale: “How long have you been hearing the voices?” While this question is relevant for understanding the client’s history and the progression of their illness, it is not the priority response. The immediate concern should be what the voices are saying to assess for potential harm.
Correct Answer is ["C","D","G"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
"Try using an abdominal support belt". This statement is incorrect. There is no indication or relevance for using an abdominal support belt based on the vital signs and weight provided. This statement is not appropriate for the client's teaching.
Choice B reason:
"Take hot showers to help relieve itching" This statement is incorrect. Itching is not mentioned in the vital signs and weight provided. Additionally, taking hot showers might not be relevant to the client's condition or needs. This statement is not appropriate for the client's teaching.
Choice C reason:
"Wear loose-fitting clothing" This is an appropriate statement for the client's teaching. Wearing loose-fitting clothing can provide comfort and allow better circulation, which might be helpful for some clients.
Choice D reason:
"Wear flat or low-heeled shoes" This is an appropriate statement for the client's teaching. Wearing flat or low-heeled shoes can help provide comfort and support, especially if the client has any foot or back issues.
Choice E reason:
"You can douche twice weekly." Douche is not relevant to the vital signs and weight provided, and it is generally not recommended for routine use as it can disrupt the natural balance of vaginal flora. This statement is not appropriate for the client's teaching.
Choice F reason:
"Eat two large meals a day." This statement does not align with a healthy eating pattern, and it might not be appropriate for the client's health needs. The recommendation for a balanced diet usually includes several smaller meals throughout the day. This statement is not appropriate for the client's teaching.
Choice G reason:
"You should avoid fried foods." This is an appropriate statement for the client's teaching. Avoiding fried foods can be beneficial for overall health, especially if the client is trying to manage weight or maintain a balanced diet.
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