A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for phenytoin to treat a seizure disorder. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report immediately to the provider?
Tender, bleeding gums.
Increased facial hair.
Constipation.
Skin rash.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Tender, bleeding gums could be a sign of phenytoin-induced gingival hyperplasia, a serious adverse effect of phenytoin. This condition requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications.
Choice B rationale:
Increased facial hair is not a common adverse effect of phenytoin and may not require immediate medical attention. It could be due to other factors or conditions.
Choice C rationale:
Constipation is a common side effect of many medications, including phenytoin. While it should be monitored, it does not require immediate reporting to the provider unless severe or persistent.
Choice D rationale:
A skin rash can be an adverse effect of phenytoin, but it does not necessarily require immediate reporting unless it is severe, accompanied by other symptoms, or indicative of a serious allergic reaction.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Verify that the client has adequate IV access.
Choice A rationale:
Administering vasopressin to the client might be necessary to manage the hemorrhage, but before any medication administration, it is crucial to ensure the client has adequate IV access. Vasopressin is a vasoconstrictor and can help control bleeding from esophageal varices, but its effectiveness relies on IV access to deliver the medication promptly.
Choice B rationale:
Requesting blood from the blood bank is essential for a client experiencing significant bleeding. However, the priority action is to verify IV access to administer any necessary blood products.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct choice. Before initiating any interventions, ensuring the client has appropriate IV access is a priority. Adequate IV access is necessary to administer fluids, medications, or blood products promptly and effectively stabilize the client's blood pressure.
Choice D rationale:
Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter is not the priority action in this situation. While monitoring urine output is important, it should be secondary to addressing the client's hypotension and hemorrhage.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Taking colesevelam on an empty stomach is not necessary. This medication can be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
Choice B rationale:
Increasing fiber in the diet is generally beneficial for bowel health, but it is not specific to the use of colesevelam powder for oral suspension.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct answer because if the oral suspension of colesevelam is cloudy after mixing, it indicates that the medication may have degraded or is not suitable for consumption. Discarding the cloudy suspension ensures that the client receives the appropriate dose and effectiveness of the medication.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding grapefruit juice is important for some medications, but it is not relevant to colesevelam. Grapefruit juice can interfere with the metabolism of certain drugs, but it does not have a significant effect on colesevelam.
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