A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for disulfiram. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
"Do not drink alcohol while taking this medication."
"Do not crush this medication before swallowing."
"Avoid grapefruit juice while taking this medication."
"Take this medication with food."
The Correct Answer is A
A. "Do not drink alcohol while taking this medication": Disulfiram is a medication used to deter alcohol consumption by producing unpleasant effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and flushing, if alcohol is consumed. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to abstain from alcohol while taking disulfiram to avoid these adverse reactions.
B. "Do not crush this medication before swallowing": While it is generally important not to alter the formulation of medications unless instructed by a healthcare provider or indicated in the medication's instructions, crushing disulfiram is not typically a concern. However, the primary focus of disulfiram therapy is the avoidance of alcohol, rather than specific administration instructions.
C. "Avoid grapefruit juice while taking this medication": Grapefruit juice is known to interact with certain medications by inhibiting cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver, affecting drug metabolism. However, there is no significant interaction between disulfiram and grapefruit juice. Therefore, this information is not relevant to disulfiram therapy.
D. "Take this medication with food": Disulfiram is typically taken on an empty stomach, as food can interfere with its absorption. Therefore, advising the client to take disulfiram with food is not accurate and may compromise its effectiveness. The primary concern with disulfiram therapy is adherence to abstinence from alcohol.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The client drinks 2 liters of liquids daily. - This statement indicates adequate fluid intake, which is important for preventing dehydration and lithium toxicity. Increased fluid intake helps maintain normal lithium levels by promoting its excretion through urine.
B. The client eats 2 to 3 gm of sodium-containing foods daily. - This statement suggests a moderate sodium intake, which can help maintain stable lithium levels. Adequate sodium intake is important for preventing lithium toxicity because sodium depletion can increase lithium reabsorption by the kidneys, leading to higher serum levels.
C. The client runs 4 miles outdoors every afternoon. - This statement indicates excessive sweating, which can lead to dehydration and subsequent lithium toxicity. Vigorous exercise, particularly in hot environments, increases fluid loss through sweating, potentially reducing lithium excretion and increasing serum levels.
D. The client eats foods high in tyramine. - This statement is unrelated to lithium toxicity. Tyramine-containing foods are typically associated with interactions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), not lithium.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hearing loss: Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine medication, is not typically associated with hearing loss. Adverse effects related to hearing are not commonly reported with the use of alprazolam.
B. Insomnia: Insomnia, or difficulty falling or staying asleep, is a potential adverse effect of alprazolam. While benzodiazepines like alprazolam are central nervous system depressants and can cause drowsiness, paradoxical reactions such as insomnia may occur in some individuals.
C. Bradycardia: Alprazolam is not known to cause bradycardia. Instead, it may cause mild tachycardia or irregular heart rhythms as potential cardiovascular side effects.
D. Hypertension: Alprazolam is more likely to cause hypotension (low blood pressure) rather than hypertension. Hypotension is a potential adverse effect due to its central nervous system depressant effects, which can lead to relaxation of blood vessels and decreased blood pressure.
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