A nurse is teaching a class about safe medication administration. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following references are acceptable for safe medication administration? (Select all that apply.)

Pharmacists

Published journals

Physicians Desk Reference

Pharmaceutical sales representatives

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

A. Pharmacists: Pharmacists are healthcare professionals who are highly knowledgeable about medications, including their indications, dosages, contraindications, interactions, and administration routes. They play a crucial role in ensuring safe medication administration by providing accurate information and counseling to both healthcare providers and patients.

B. Published journals: Published journals contain peer-reviewed articles and research studies on various aspects of medication administration, including best practices, guidelines, new developments, and evidence-based recommendations. Healthcare professionals often refer to reputable journals to stay updated on the latest information and advancements in medication administration.

C. Physicians Desk Reference (PDR): The Physicians Desk Reference is a comprehensive reference book that provides information on prescription drugs, including their indications, dosages, side effects, and interactions. It is commonly used by healthcare providers as a reliable source of medication information to support safe prescribing and administration practices.

D. Pharmaceutical sales representatives: While pharmaceutical sales representatives may provide information about specific medications, their primary role is to promote and market pharmaceutical products. While they may offer valuable information about medication characteristics, their input may be biased toward promoting specific products rather than providing comprehensive and unbiased information about medication administration. Therefore, they are not typically considered acceptable references for safe medication administration.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Dystonia - Dystonia presents as sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal, often repetitive, movements or postures. It is an acute extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic medications like chlorpromazine but typically manifests as sudden-onset muscle spasms rather than involuntary movements of the tongue and face.

B. Tardive dyskinesia - Tardive dyskinesia is a late-appearing movement disorder characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements of the face, tongue, and limbs. It is associated with long-term use of antipsychotic medications like chlorpromazine and typically develops after months to years of treatment.

C. Parkinsonism - Parkinsonism resembles Parkinson's disease and is characterized by symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. While antipsychotic medications can cause Parkinsonism as an adverse effect, it usually presents with symptoms different from those described in the scenario.

D. Akathisia - Akathisia is characterized by an inner feeling of restlessness and the urge to move, often accompanied by pacing and inability to sit still. It is an acute extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic medications but does not manifest as involuntary movements of the tongue and face as described in the scenario.

A. Rotate staff that administer the medications. B. Engage the client in conversation following medication administration. C. Use sustained-release forms. D. Provide for once-daily dosing. E. Perform mouth checks following the administration of the medication.

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

Answer:C, D, E

Rationale:

A) Rotate staff that administer the medications: Rotating staff can lead to inconsistency in communication and rapport with the client. A consistent nursing team is more likely to build trust and encourage adherence to medication therapy. Therefore, this intervention may not effectively promote adherence.

B) Engage the client in conversation following medication administration: While engaging the client in conversation can help build rapport and create a supportive environment, it may not be the most effective intervention for encouraging medication adherence. The priority should be focused on ensuring the client takes the medication as prescribed, rather than focusing on conversation after administration.

C) Use sustained-release forms: Sustained-release formulations can help with adherence by providing a more consistent therapeutic effect and reducing the number of doses a client needs to take throughout the day. This can simplify the medication regimen, making it easier for the client to adhere.

D) Provide for once-daily dosing: Once-daily dosing is beneficial for improving adherence because it reduces the complexity of the medication regimen. Clients are more likely to remember to take their medication if they only need to do so once a day.

E) Perform mouth checks following the administration of the medication: Performing mouth checks can help ensure that the client has actually taken the medication, especially if there is suspicion of non-adherence. This intervention can confirm that the medication is ingested and can serve as a prompt for adherence in future doses.

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A nurse is teaching a class about safe medication administration. The nurse should include in the teaching that which of the following references are acceptable for safe medication administration? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has schizophrenia and has been on long-term treatment with chlorpromazine. He notes the client is experiencing some involuntary movements of the tongue and face. The nurse should suspect the client has developed which of the following adverse effects?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]

Explanation

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