A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for diazepam. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Grapefruit juice inactivates this medication.

It is important to avoid foods that contain tyramine.

This medication must be swallowed whole.

Diazepam can cause drowsiness.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Grapefruit juice inactivates this medication - Grapefruit juice is known to interact with certain medications, but it does not affect the metabolism of diazepam. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.

B. It is important to avoid foods that contain tyramine - Tyramine is typically associated with interactions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), not benzodiazepines like diazepam. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.

C. This medication must be swallowed whole - While it is generally recommended to swallow diazepam tablets whole with a full glass of water, this instruction does not encompass the full range of information necessary for safe medication use.

D. Diazepam can cause drowsiness - This statement is correct. Diazepam, like other benzodiazepines, has sedative effects and can cause drowsiness. Patients should be advised to avoid activities that require mental alertness, such as driving, until they know how the medication affects them. This is an essential aspect of patient education regarding diazepam.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Children can often be resistant to taking medication, but offering them choices and involving them in the process can help promote cooperation. Here's the rationale for each option:

A. Tell the child it is candy: This strategy involves deception and can lead to trust issues if the child discovers the truth. It's not ethical or recommended to lie to a child about medication.

B. Tell the child he will have to have a shot instead: Threatening the child with a shot is coercive and can cause fear and anxiety. It's not an appropriate or therapeutic approach to encourage cooperation.

C. Hide the medication in a large dish of ice cream: While hiding medication in food may work for some children, it's important to ensure that the child consumes the entire dose. Additionally, it's essential to check with the healthcare provider or pharmacist to confirm that the medication can be taken with food. However, this approach may not address the underlying issue of the child's resistance to taking medication.

D. Offer the child a choice of taking the medication with juice or water: Offering the child a choice empowers them and gives them some control over the situation. By allowing the child to choose how they take the medication, they may feel more comfortable and cooperative. This approach respects the child's autonomy and can be an effective way to encourage cooperation while ensuring the medication is taken as prescribed.

A. Hearing loss B. Insomnia C. Bradycardia D. Hypertension

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hearing loss: Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine medication, is not typically associated with hearing loss. Adverse effects related to hearing are not commonly reported with the use of alprazolam.

B. Insomnia: Insomnia, or difficulty falling or staying asleep, is a potential adverse effect of alprazolam. While benzodiazepines like alprazolam are central nervous system depressants and can cause drowsiness, paradoxical reactions such as insomnia may occur in some individuals.

C. Bradycardia: Alprazolam is not known to cause bradycardia. Instead, it may cause mild tachycardia or irregular heart rhythms as potential cardiovascular side effects.

D. Hypertension: Alprazolam is more likely to cause hypotension (low blood pressure) rather than hypertension. Hypotension is a potential adverse effect due to its central nervous system depressant effects, which can lead to relaxation of blood vessels and decreased blood pressure.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for diazepam. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

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