A nurse is assessing a client who has schizophrenia and has been on long-term treatment with chlorpromazine. He notes the client is experiencing some involuntary movements of the tongue and face. The nurse should suspect the client has developed which of the following adverse effects?
Dystonia
Tardive dyskinesia
Parkinsonism
Akathisia
The Correct Answer is B
A. Dystonia - Dystonia presents as sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal, often repetitive, movements or postures. It is an acute extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic medications like chlorpromazine but typically manifests as sudden-onset muscle spasms rather than involuntary movements of the tongue and face.
B. Tardive dyskinesia - Tardive dyskinesia is a late-appearing movement disorder characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements of the face, tongue, and limbs. It is associated with long-term use of antipsychotic medications like chlorpromazine and typically develops after months to years of treatment.
C. Parkinsonism - Parkinsonism resembles Parkinson's disease and is characterized by symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. While antipsychotic medications can cause Parkinsonism as an adverse effect, it usually presents with symptoms different from those described in the scenario.
D. Akathisia - Akathisia is characterized by an inner feeling of restlessness and the urge to move, often accompanied by pacing and inability to sit still. It is an acute extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic medications but does not manifest as involuntary movements of the tongue and face as described in the scenario.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["20"]
Explanation
To calculate the dose of midazolam to administer, we need to convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms, and then multiply by the dose per kilogram.
Given: Client weight = 220 lb
Dose of midazolam = 0.2 mg/kg
First, let's convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms:
1 lb ≈ 0.453592 kg (approximately 0.45 kg, for simplicity)
Client weight in kilograms ≈ 220 lb × 0.45 kg/lb ≈ 99 kg
Now, let's calculate the dose of midazolam:
Dose = Weight (in kg) × Dose per kg Dose ≈ 99 kg × 0.2 mg/kg = 19.8 mg
Rounded to the nearest whole number, the nurse should administer approximately 20 mg of midazolam.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Grapefruit juice inactivates this medication - Grapefruit juice is known to interact with certain medications, but it does not affect the metabolism of diazepam. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
B. It is important to avoid foods that contain tyramine - Tyramine is typically associated with interactions with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), not benzodiazepines like diazepam. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
C. This medication must be swallowed whole - While it is generally recommended to swallow diazepam tablets whole with a full glass of water, this instruction does not encompass the full range of information necessary for safe medication use.
D. Diazepam can cause drowsiness - This statement is correct. Diazepam, like other benzodiazepines, has sedative effects and can cause drowsiness. Patients should be advised to avoid activities that require mental alertness, such as driving, until they know how the medication affects them. This is an essential aspect of patient education regarding diazepam.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.