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A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive liquid medications via a gastrostomy tube. The client is prescribed phenytoin 250 mg. The amount available is phenytoin oral solution 25 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["50 mL"]

To calculate the mL of phenytoin oral solution needed for a 250 mg dose, we can use the following equation:

Dose (mg) = Volume (mL) × Concentration (mg/mL)

Given:

Dose = 250 mg

Concentration = 25 mg/5 mL

We need to find the volume (mL):

Volume (mL) = Dose (mg) / Concentration (mg/mL)

Volume (mL) = 250 mg / (25 mg/5 mL)

Volume (mL) = 250 mg / (5 mg/mL)

Volume (mL) = 50 mL

So, the nurse should administer 50 mL of phenytoin oral solution per dose.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Polyuria (excessive urination) is not a symptom of hypoglycemia; it is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).

B. Deep rapid respirations are more characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a complication of uncontrolled diabetes that leads to high blood sugar levels and metabolic acidosis.

C. Dry, flushed skin is not a typical symptom of hypoglycemia; it might be associated with conditions like dehydration or heat exposure, but not with low blood sugar.

D. Tachycardia

Explanation: The symptoms described by the adolescent (feeling shaky, difficulty speaking, difficulty concentrating) along with a blood glucose level of 55 mg/dL indicate hypoglycemia, which is low blood sugar. Tachycardia, or a rapid heart rate, is a common physiological response to hypoglycemia. The body increases the heart rate in an attempt to improve blood flow and deliver glucose to the brain and other vital organs. This is part of the body's fight-or-flight response to low blood sugar.

A. Allow for adjustment of rules to correlate with the child's behavior. B. Allow for imaginative play with peers without supervision. C. Provide a flexible schedule that adjusts to the child's interests. D. Establish a reward system for positive behavior

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication, social interaction, and behavior. When planning care for a child with ASD, it's important to consider their individual needs and strengths.

A) Allow for adjustment of rules to correlate with the child's behavior:

Children with ASD often benefit from consistent routines and clear expectations. Adjusting rules based on behavior might confuse the child and undermine the structure they rely on for understanding their environment.

B) Allow for imaginative play with peers without supervision:

Children with ASD can struggle with social interactions and may need guidance to engage in play with peers successfully. Unsupervised imaginative play might lead to challenges or misunderstandings, making supervision and support important.

C) Provide a flexible schedule that adjusts to the child's interests:

This is a crucial intervention. Many children with ASD find comfort in routines, but rigidity can be detrimental. A flexible schedule that incorporates the child's interests can enhance engagement, motivation, and learning. It provides structure while accommodating the child's preferences.

D) Establish a reward system for positive behavior:

Reward systems can be effective for motivating positive behaviors in children with ASD. Visual cues and rewards are often helpful in reinforcing desired behaviors. This intervention can encourage appropriate social interactions and communication.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse in a special education program is planning care for a child who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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