A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who had a myocardial infarction 3 hr ago. The nurse should expect which of the following laboratory values to be elevated?
Serum amylase
Unconjugated bilirubin
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST).
Troponin I
The Correct Answer is D
A. Serum amylase: Serum amylase is an enzyme associated with pancreatic function, and its elevation is not specific to myocardial infarction.
B. Unconjugated bilirubin: Elevation of unconjugated bilirubin is associated with liver function and hemolysis, not specifically with myocardial infarction.
C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST): While AST may be elevated in conditions affecting the heart, it is not as specific or sensitive for myocardial infarction as troponin I.
D. Troponin I: This is the correct answer. Troponin I is a cardiac-specific biomarker released into the bloodstream when there is damage to cardiac muscle, such as during a myocardial infarction. Troponin I levels start to rise within 3-4 hours after the onset of myocardial infarction, making it a crucial marker for early detection.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The laboratory values are the same as the previous test values: This is unlikely in DIC. In an acute episode of DIC, there is usually a significant disturbance in coagulation values due to the consumption of clotting factors and the development of clotting abnormalities.
B. The laboratory values are within the expected reference range: In DIC, the coagulation values are usually not within the expected reference range. Instead, they are prolonged, reflecting the imbalance in the coagulation system.
C. The laboratory values are prolonged: This is the correct answer. In DIC, the PT, aPTT, and INR are prolonged because the coagulation factors are being consumed in the process of widespread clot formation.
D. The laboratory values are decreased: This is not typical for DIC. In DIC, the issue is not a decrease in clotting factors but rather their consumption, leading to an overall imbalance in the coagulation system.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Cheyne-Stokes respirations: Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by alternating periods of hyperventilation followed by apnea. This respiratory pattern is often observed in clients with conditions affecting the central nervous system, such as brain injury or stroke.
B. Apneustic respirations: Apneustic respirations are characterized by prolonged, gasping inhalations followed by extremely short, ineffective exhalations. This pattern is associated with damage to the pons, a part of the brainstem.
C. Stridor: Stridor is a high-pitched, noisy breathing sound caused by turbulent airflow through a partially obstructed airway. It is not related to the described alternating pattern of hyperventilation and apnea.
D. Kussmaul respirations: Kussmaul respirations are deep, rapid respirations often seen in metabolic acidosis. They are not characterized by the alternating pattern described in the scenario.
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