A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who had a myocardial infarction 3 hr ago. The nurse should expect which of the following laboratory values to be elevated?

Serum amylase

Unconjugated bilirubin

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST).

Troponin I

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Serum amylase: Serum amylase is an enzyme associated with pancreatic function, and its elevation is not specific to myocardial infarction.

B. Unconjugated bilirubin: Elevation of unconjugated bilirubin is associated with liver function and hemolysis, not specifically with myocardial infarction.

C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST): While AST may be elevated in conditions affecting the heart, it is not as specific or sensitive for myocardial infarction as troponin I.

D. Troponin I: This is the correct answer. Troponin I is a cardiac-specific biomarker released into the bloodstream when there is damage to cardiac muscle, such as during a myocardial infarction. Troponin I levels start to rise within 3-4 hours after the onset of myocardial infarction, making it a crucial marker for early detection.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Apply pressure to the nares:

Applying gentle pressure to the nares can help control bleeding.

B. Tilt the client's head backward:

Tilt the head forward slightly to prevent blood from flowing down the back of the throat and to avoid swallowing blood.

C. Place ice to the bridge of the client's nose:

Cold packs can help constrict blood vessels and reduce bleeding.

D. Move the client into high-Fowler's position:

Sitting the client upright in a high-Fowler's position can minimize blood flow to the head and reduce bleeding.

E. Instruct the client to blow his nose:

Blowing the nose may disrupt clots and increase bleeding.

A. The laboratory values are the same as the previous test values. B. The laboratory values are within the expected reference range. C. The laboratory values are prolonged. D. The laboratory values are decreased.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The laboratory values are the same as the previous test values: This is unlikely in DIC. In an acute episode of DIC, there is usually a significant disturbance in coagulation values due to the consumption of clotting factors and the development of clotting abnormalities.

B. The laboratory values are within the expected reference range: In DIC, the coagulation values are usually not within the expected reference range. Instead, they are prolonged, reflecting the imbalance in the coagulation system.

C. The laboratory values are prolonged: This is the correct answer. In DIC, the PT, aPTT, and INR are prolonged because the coagulation factors are being consumed in the process of widespread clot formation.

D. The laboratory values are decreased: This is not typical for DIC. In DIC, the issue is not a decrease in clotting factors but rather their consumption, leading to an overall imbalance in the coagulation system.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who had a myocardial infarction 3 hr ago. The nurse should expect which of the following laboratory values to be elevated?

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