The nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a history of asthma. The nurse reviews the provider's orders and recognizes that clarification is needed for which of the following medications?
Carvedilol
Captopril
Isosorbide dinitrate
Fluticasone
The Correct Answer is A
A. Carvedilol: Carvedilol is a non-selective beta-blocker that blocks both beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors. Beta-2 blockade can lead to bronchoconstriction, which can exacerbate asthma symptoms. Clarification is needed to see if a cardioselective beta-blocker (like metoprolol) would be safer.
B. Captopril: Captopril is an ACE inhibitor commonly used in heart failure to reduce blood pressure and decrease the workload on the heart. It does not have bronchoconstrictive effects and is safe for use in clients with asthma.
C. Isosorbide dinitrate: Isosorbide dinitrate is a nitrate used to manage heart failure by dilating blood vessels and reducing the workload of the heart. It has no effect on bronchial smooth muscle and is not contraindicated in asthma, so no clarification is needed.
D. Fluticasone: Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used to manage asthma by reducing inflammation in the airways. It is beneficial in clients with asthma and does not pose a risk to clients with heart failure. There is no need to clarify this medication.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Maintaining a semi-Fowler's position as often as possible: While maintaining an elevated position can assist with breathing, it may not directly address the issue of tenacious bronchial secretions. Adequate hydration and other measures are often more effective.
B. Encouraging the client to drink 2 to 3 L of water daily: This is the correct answer. Adequate hydration helps to thin mucus, making it easier to clear from the airways. Drinking 2 to 3 liters of water daily is a helpful strategy to promote hydration and reduce the viscosity of bronchial secretions.
C. Helping the client select a low-salt diet: While a low-salt diet may have cardiovascular benefits, it is not a primary intervention for addressing tenacious bronchial secretions. Hydration and airway clearance techniques are more directly relevant.
D. Administering oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min: While oxygen therapy may be necessary in COPD, it is not the primary intervention for managing tenacious bronchial secretions. Hydration and other measures aimed at thinning mucus are more appropriate.
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Montelukast: Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used in the management of asthma and allergic rhinitis. It is not part of the standard tuberculosis treatment regimen.
B. Rifampin: Rifampin is a key component of tuberculosis treatment and is effective against both active and latent tuberculosis.
C. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication primarily used for herpes simplex virus infections and is not part of the standard treatment for tuberculosis.
D. Isoniazid: Isoniazid is another essential drug in the treatment of tuberculosis, particularly for the prevention of latent tuberculosis progression to active disease.
E. Pyrazinamide: Pyrazinamide is part of the standard combination therapy for tuberculosis.
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