A nurse is assessing a client who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Excessive thrombosis and bleeding

Increased clotting factors

Progressive increase in platelet production

Immediate sodium and fluid retention

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Excessive thrombosis and bleeding

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a complex and serious condition characterized by widespread activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to both excessive clot formation (thrombosis) and simultaneous consumption of clotting factors and platelets, resulting in bleeding. DIC can occur as a secondary complication to various conditions such as sepsis, trauma, or obstetric complications.

B. Increased clotting factors: In DIC, there is consumption and depletion of clotting factors, not an increase.

C. Progressive increase in platelet production: Platelet production does not increase in DIC; instead, there is consumption and decreased platelet count.

D. Immediate sodium and fluid retention: DIC is not associated with immediate sodium and fluid retention; instead, it is characterized by fluid loss due to bleeding.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Bradypnea: Bradypnea refers to abnormally slow breathing. In the context of postoperative atelectasis and hypoxia, the client is more likely to exhibit tachypnea (rapid breathing) as the body attempts to compensate for reduced oxygen levels.

B. Bradycardia: Bradycardia is an abnormally slow heart rate. While hypoxia can lead to changes in heart rate, it is more common to observe tachycardia (increased heart rate) as a compensatory response to decreased oxygen levels.

C. Intercostal retractions: Intercostal retractions occur when the muscles between the ribs pull inward during inspiration. In a client with atelectasis and hypoxia, increased respiratory effort may result in intercostal retractions as the body tries to enhance airflow and improve oxygenation.

D. Lethargy: Lethargy refers to a state of drowsiness or fatigue. While hypoxia can lead to lethargy, it is not a specific respiratory manifestation. Other respiratory signs, such as increased respiratory rate and retractions, are more likely to be observed.

A. Respiratory alkalosis B. Respiratory acidosis C. Metabolic acidosis D. Metabolic alkalosis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Respiratory alkalosis: Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a decrease in carbonic acid (CO2) due to hyperventilation, leading to an increased pH. Shallow respirations would not typically cause respiratory alkalosis.

B. Respiratory acidosis: This is the correct answer. Shallow respirations result in inadequate elimination of CO2, leading to an excess of carbonic acid and the development of respiratory acidosis.

C. Metabolic acidosis: Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decrease in bicarbonate (HCO3-), not carbonic acid (CO2). Shallow respirations would not directly contribute to metabolic acidosis.

D. Metabolic alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an increase in bicarbonate (HCO3-). Shallow respirations would not typically cause metabolic alkalosis.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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