A nurse is giving a presentation at a community center about chronic bronchitis. Which of the following information should the nurse include as effective for preventing this disorder?
Regular moderate exercise
Maintenance of ideal weight
Annual influenza immunization
Smoking cessation
The Correct Answer is D
Smoking cessation is the most effective way to prevent chronic bronchitis, which is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by inflammation and excess mucus production in the
bronchi. Smoking is the main cause of chronic bronchitis, as it damages the cilia and mucous membranes of the airways, leading to chronic cough, sputum, and infection. Quitting smoking can reduce the risk of developing or worsening chronic bronchitis and improve lung function and quality of life.
a) Regular moderate exercise is beneficial for preventing chronic bronchitis, but not as effective as smoking cessation. Exercise can improve cardiovascular and respiratory health, increase oxygen delivery to the tissues, and enhance immune function. However, exercise alone cannot reverse the damage caused by smoking or prevent further deterioration of the airways.
b) Maintenance of ideal weight is beneficial for preventing chronic bronchitis, but not as effective as smoking cessation. Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the workload on the heart and lungs, prevent obesity-related complications, and improve self-esteem and well-being. However, weight management alone cannot restore the normal structure and function of the airways or prevent chronic inflammation and mucus production.
c) Annual influenza immunization is beneficial for preventing chronic bronchitis, but not as effective as smoking cessation. Influenza immunization can protect against viral infections that can trigger or exacerbate chronic bronchitis symptoms, such as fever, cough, wheezes, and dyspnea. However, influenza immunization cannot prevent other causes of chronic bronchitis, such as bacterial infections, environmental pollutants, or genetic factors.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]
Explanation
These clients have impaired swallowing, gag reflex, or level of consciousness, which increase their risk of aspiration while eating.
The other options are not correct because:
b. A client who has had prolonged diarrhea does not have a direct risk factor for aspiration, as diarrhea affects the lower gastrointestinal tract and not the upper airway or esophagus.
d. A client who has lactose intolerance does not have a risk factor for aspiration, as lactose intolerance causes abdominal cramps, bloating, gas, or diarrhea when consuming dairy products, but does not affect the ability to swallow or protect the airway.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching, as weight loss is one of the most effective ways to decrease the number of nightly apneic episodes in clients who are obese and have obstructive sleep apnea. Obstructive sleep apnea is a condition in which the upper airway collapses or becomes blocked during sleep, causing pauses in breathing and hypoxia. Obesity is a major risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea, as excess fat tissue around the neck and throat can narrow the airway and increase its collapsibility. Losing weight can reduce the pressure on the airway and improve its patency.
b) "I sleep better if I take a sleeping pill at night." This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching, as sleeping pills are not recommended for clients who have obstructive sleep apnea. Sleeping pills can worsen the condition by relaxing the muscles of the throat and tongue, which can further obstruct the airway and decrease the arousal response to hypoxia. The nurse should advise the client to avoid sleeping pills and other sedatives or alcohol before bedtime.
c) "It might help if I tried sleeping only on my back." This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching, as sleeping on the back is not helpful for clients who have obstructive sleep apnea. Sleeping on the back can increase the risk of airway obstruction by allowing gravity to pull the tongue and soft palate backward, which can block the airway and cause snoring and apnea. The nurse should suggest that the client try sleeping on the side or elevate the head of the bed to prevent this.
d) "I should get a humidifier to run at my bedside at night." This statement indicates a lack of understanding of the teaching, as a humidifier is not likely to decrease the number of nightly apneic episodes in clients who have obstructive sleep apnea. A humidifier can moisten the air and ease breathing for clients who have dry or irritated nasal passages, but it does not address the underlying cause of airway obstruction or hypoxia. The nurse should inform the client that a humidifier may not be effective for obstructive sleep apnea and may increase the risk of infection or mold growth if not cleaned properly.
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