A nurse is giving a presentation at a community center about chronic bronchitis. Which of the following information should the nurse include as eﬀective for preventing this disorder?

Regular moderate exercise

Maintenance of ideal weight

Annual inﬂuenza immunization

Smoking cessation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Smoking cessation is the most eﬀective way to prevent chronic bronchitis, which is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by inﬂammation and excess mucus production in the

bronchi. Smoking is the main cause of chronic bronchitis, as it damages the cilia and mucous membranes of the airways, leading to chronic cough, sputum, and infection. Quitting smoking can reduce the risk of developing or worsening chronic bronchitis and improve lung function and quality of life.

a)   Regular moderate exercise is beneficial for preventing chronic bronchitis, but not as eﬀective as smoking cessation. Exercise can improve cardiovascular and respiratory health, increase oxygen delivery to the tissues, and enhance immune function. However, exercise alone cannot reverse the damage caused by smoking or prevent further deterioration of the airways.
b)   Maintenance of ideal weight is beneficial for preventing chronic bronchitis, but not as eﬀective as smoking cessation. Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the workload on the heart and lungs, prevent obesity-related complications, and improve self-esteem and well-being. However, weight management alone cannot restore the normal structure and function of the airways or prevent chronic inﬂammation and mucus production.
c)   Annual inﬂuenza immunization is beneficial for preventing chronic bronchitis, but not as eﬀective as smoking cessation. Inﬂuenza immunization can protect against viral infections that can trigger or exacerbate chronic bronchitis symptoms, such as fever, cough, wheezes, and dyspnea. However, inﬂuenza immunization cannot prevent other causes of chronic bronchitis, such as bacterial infections, environmental pollutants, or genetic factors.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Answer: D. Cheyne-Stokes respirations

Rationale:

A) Stridor: Stridor is a high-pitched, wheezing sound resulting from disrupted airflow in the upper airway. It is not characterized by alternating periods of hyperventilation and apnea, making this choice incorrect.

B) Kussmaul respirations: Kussmaul respirations are deep, labored breaths typically associated with metabolic acidosis, such as diabetic ketoacidosis. These respirations do not exhibit alternating periods of hyperventilation and apnea, so this option is not applicable.

C) Apneustic respirations: Apneustic respirations are characterized by prolonged inhalation followed by a prolonged pause before exhalation. This pattern does not align with the alternating hyperventilation and apnea described, making it an incorrect choice.

D) Cheyne-Stokes respirations: Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by a cyclical pattern of increasing depth and rate of breathing followed by a gradual decrease in depth and a period of apnea. This description matches the client's breathing pattern of alternating hyperventilation and apnea, making this the correct answer.

A. Polyuria B. Hypoglycemia C. Hypertension D. Oral candidiasis

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Oral candidiasis, also known as thrush, is a fungal infection of the mouth caused by Candida albicans. It is a common adverse eﬀect of inhaled corticosteroids, such as ﬂuticasone, which can suppress the normal ﬂora of the oral cavity and create a favorable environment for fungal growth. It manifests as white patches or plaques on the tongue, palate, or cheeks that can be scraped oﬀ.

a) Polyuria, or excessive urination, is not an adverse eﬀect of ﬂuticasone. It can be caused by diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, diuretics, or kidney disease.
b) Hypoglycemia, or low blood glucose level, is not an adverse eﬀect of ﬂuticasone. It can be caused by
insulin overdose, oral hypoglycemic agents, alcohol intake, or prolonged fasting.
c) Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not an adverse eﬀect of ﬂuticasone. It can be caused by stress, obesity, smoking, salt intake, or kidney disease.

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A nurse is giving a presentation at a community center about chronic bronchitis. Which of the following information should the nurse include as eﬀective for preventing this disorder?

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A nurse is giving a presentation at a community center about chronic bronchitis. Which of the following information should the nurse include as eﬀective for preventing this disorder?