A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is at risk for developing diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that which of the following results indicates the client meets the criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?

2 hr blood glucose 170 mg/dL

HbA1c 5.5%

Fasting blood glucose 155 mg/dL

Casual blood glucose 180 mg/dl

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus include

i.Symptoms of hyperglycemia + casual blood glucose of >/= 200mg/dl
ii. Fasting blood glucose of >/= 126mg/dl
iii. 2 hr blood glucose of >/= 200mg/dl
iv. HbA1c 0f >/= 6.5%
Fasting- 8 hrs without caloric intake
Casual- any time regardless of caloric intake

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

NPH insulin is an intermediate acting type of insulin that peaks at 6 to 1 hours.

A-Insulin should not be frozen as it leads to degradation and reduced efficacy. This may lead to inadequate glycemic control and increased risk of complications

C-NPH insulin has a normal turbid appearance at neutral pH

D NPH should not be shaken vigorously but rather rolled gently between the palms to allow for proper mixing without causing bubble formation in the insulin.

A. Lactated Ringer's B. 0.45% sodium chloride C. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride D. Dextrose in water

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C-Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride is the most appropriate fluid for the client as it supplies both caloric, fluid and electrolytes at the same time. This ensures that the client does not go into hypoglycemia and the sodium is lowered

A- Lactated Ringer's and Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride are isotonic and hypertonic solutions, respectively, and would not be appropriate choices for treating hypernatremia due to their higher sodium content.

B- The goal is to lower the serum sodium concentration carefully by providing a hypotonic solution. In this case, 0.45% sodium chloride is often recommended as it is a hypotonic fluid and can help to correct the sodium imbalance without overloading the client with sodium. the client requires a fluid with dextrose due to the NPO status and low sodium concentration

D- Dextrose in water (option D) is also hypotonic once the dextrose is metabolized, but it may not be as effective in this scenario as it does not contain electrolytes. The water can tip the client to hyponatremia

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is at risk for developing diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that which of the following results indicates the client meets the criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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