A nurse is responding to a parent of an adolescent who was recently diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder following a sexual assault.The parent mentions that their child has been experimenting with drugs. Why would they be doing this?

“This must be a difficult time for you.”.

“This is normal behavior for an adolescent. Nothing to be concerned about.”.

“I can understand your concerns. Which of these behaviors do you want to address first?”

“It’s very frustrating when children misbehave. Do any of your other children react the same way? What rules have you established for them?”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
The adolescent’s experimentation with drugs could be a coping mechanism to deal with the trauma of the sexual assault and the subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Substance use, including drug use, is often a maladaptive coping strategy used by individuals

who have experienced trauma to numb their feelings, escape from their reality, or attempt to regain control. This must indeed be a difficult time for both the adolescent and the parent.
Choice B rationale
While experimentation is a part of normal adolescent behavior, it is not normal or healthy for an adolescent to use drugs, especially in response to a traumatic event such as a sexual assault. Drug use can lead to addiction, health problems, and further psychological distress. Therefore, it is something to be concerned about and addressed appropriately.
Choice C rationale
While it is important to understand and address the parent’s concerns, the focus should be on the adolescent’s needs. The adolescent is dealing with the aftermath of a sexual assault and a diagnosis of PTSD, and is using drugs. These are serious issues that need to be addressed with professional help. The question of which behavior to address first should be determined based on the adolescent’s immediate safety and well-being.
Choice D rationale
It is not helpful to label the adolescent’s behavior as misbehavior or to compare them to their siblings. Each child is unique and may react differently to stress and trauma. Instead of focusing on rules and comparisons, it would be more beneficial to provide support, understanding, and appropriate professional help.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A vulnerability gene is a gene variant that increases the risk for development of a specific mental illness. It does not guarantee that an individual will develop the illness, but it does increase their susceptibility.
Choice B rationale
A gene variant that is responsible for an individual’s resilience to stress is not typically referred to as a vulnerability gene. Resilience genes are thought to provide some protection against the development of mental illnesses.
Choice C rationale
A gene variant that is responsible for the development of a specific mental illness is not typically referred to as a vulnerability gene. While certain gene variants can increase the risk of developing a mental illness, they are usually not the sole cause. Mental illnesses are typically the result of a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors.
Choice D rationale

A gene variant that determines an individual’s likelihood of recovering from mental illness is not typically referred to as a vulnerability gene. Recovery from mental illness is influenced by a variety of factors, including the individual’s access to effective treatment, their level of social support, and their personal resilience.

A. Clean drinking water. B. Pest control. C. Isolation. D. Proper sanitation.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Clean drinking water is indeed crucial for preventing many diseases, especially those transmitted through the fecal-oral route or waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and hepatitis A1. However, it is not specifically targeted at diseases that are transmitted directly from person to person. Directly transmitted diseases are often spread through direct contact, such as person-to-person contact or droplet spread. Therefore, while clean drinking water is an essential aspect of public health, it is not the most effective method for preventing diseases that are transmitted directly.
Choice B rationale
Pest control is an important measure for preventing diseases transmitted by vectors, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Diseases like malaria, dengue, Lyme disease, and plague are examples of vector-borne diseases. However, these diseases are not considered directly transmitted diseases. Direct transmission occurs when an infectious agent is transferred from a reservoir to a susceptible host by direct contact or droplet spread. Therefore, pest control, while important, is not the primary prevention method for diseases that are transmitted directly.
Choice C rationale

Isolation is one of the most effective methods for preventing the spread of directly transmitted diseases. When a person is isolated, they are separated from others to prevent the spread of communicable diseases. Isolation is used in healthcare settings to prevent the spread of infectious diseases that can be transmitted directly from person to person, such as tuberculosis, influenza, and COVID-191. Therefore, isolation is a key prevention method for diseases that are transmitted directly.
Choice D rationale
Proper sanitation, like clean drinking water, is crucial for preventing many diseases, particularly those transmitted through the fecal-oral route. Proper sanitation involves safely managing human waste and maintaining hygienic conditions through services such as garbage collection and wastewater disposal. While it is an essential aspect of public health, proper sanitation is not the most effective method for preventing diseases that are transmitted directly from person to person.

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A nurse is responding to a parent of an adolescent who was recently diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder following a sexual assault.The parent mentions that their child has been experimenting with drugs. Why would they be doing this?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in an outpatient facility is teaching a client about the development of mental illness. Which of the following statements by the nurse describes the role of a vulnerability gene?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing a workshop on preventing common communicable and infectious diseases in the community. Which of the following prevention methods should the nurse include to target diseases that are transmitted directly?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is in physical restraints after demonstrating aggressive behavior. Which of the following criteria must be met before the nurse can remove the restraints?

A community health nurse is preparing a public service announcement about Lyme disease. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include as an example of secondary prevention?

A nurse is caring for a client who has generalized anxiety disorder. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements describes anxiety as transdiagnostic in nature?

A nurse is working to build rapport and trust with new patients. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A school nurse receives a telephone call from a parent who suspects their child has coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2). Which of the following instructions should the nurse give as secondary prevention?

A nurse is manning a phone line for trauma and crisis support. A client on the phone inquires, “Could you explain how trauma-related disorders develop?” Which response should the nurse provide?

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A nurse is caring for a patient who reports a recent increase in stressors. Which of the following concepts should the nurse use to develop necessary context to both understand and deliver nursing care for this patient?