A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who takes lithium carbonate for bipolar disorder. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of lithium carbonate?

Thyroid enlargement

Constipation

Hyporeflexia

Elevated blood pressure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Lithium can cause hypothyroidism and goiter as adverse effects. Therefore, monitoring of thyroid function and physical examination for thyroid enlargement is necessary during lithium therapy.
B.   Constipation is not a typical adverse effect of lithium carbonate. It's more commonly associated with side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, or polyuria.

C.   Hyporeflexia is not commonly associated with lithium carbonate use. Lithium more commonly affects the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as tremors, confusion, and seizures in cases of toxicity.
D.   Lithium is more commonly associated with the opposite effect, lowering blood pressure rather than elevating it. It's known to have effects on sodium transport in renal tubules, leading to increased water retention and possibly hypotension.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Abruptly stopping alprazolam can lead to withdrawal symptoms, and abdominal discomfort alone may not necessarily indicate a need for immediate cessation of the medication.
B. Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine with sedative properties, so drowsiness and light- headedness are common side effects. Patients should be cautious when engaging in activities requiring alertness, such as driving, while taking alprazolam.
C. Alcohol should be avoided while taking alprazolam due to the potential for increased sedation and central nervous system depression. However, it does not directly affect the effectiveness of the medication.
D. Alprazolam, like other benzodiazepines, has a high potential for physical dependence, and abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms. Patients should be informed about the risk of dependence and the need for gradual tapering if discontinuation becomes necessary.

A. Notify the provider immediately if urine turns red-brown in color. B. Take an antacid with the medication to avoid gastric upset. C. Shake the suspension vigorously prior to pouring the medication. D. Obtain an annual flu vaccine while taking phenytoin.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Phenytoin can rarely cause a side effect known as "purple glove syndrome" if it infiltrates into the surrounding tissues during intravenous administration, leading to discoloration. However, this is not relevant to oral suspension administration.
B. Taking an antacid with phenytoin is generally not recommended as it may decrease the absorption of phenytoin. Phenytoin should be taken on an empty stomach to ensure optimal absorption.

C. Phenytoin oral suspension may settle over time, so it's important to shake the bottle well before measuring and administering each dose to ensure uniform distribution of the medication.
D. While obtaining an annual flu vaccine is generally advisable for individuals with epilepsy, it's not directly related to phenytoin administration and should be part of routine healthcare maintenance rather than specific guidance for phenytoin therapy.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who takes lithium carbonate for bipolar disorder. For which of the following findings should the nurse monitor as an adverse effect of lithium carbonate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who has generalized anxiety disorder and has been prescribed alprazolam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for oral suspension phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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