A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has pulmonary tuberculosis and a new prescription for rifampin.
Which of the following information should the nurse provide?
“The treatment with this medication will last for one month.”
“It is best to take the medication with meals.”
“This medication can cause insomnia.”
“Urine and other secretions might turn orange.”
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Rifampin is an antibiotic used to treat or prevent tuberculosis (TB). However, the treatment with this medication typically lasts longer than one month. In fact, TB treatment usually involves taking several drugs for a long time.
Choice B rationale:
While it’s important to take some medications with meals to increase absorption or decrease stomach upset, rifampin should be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. This helps to ensure optimal absorption of the medication.
Choice C rationale:
Insomnia is not typically listed as a common side effect of rifampin. The medication can cause a number of side effects, but these more commonly include things like upset stomach, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and changes in behavior.
Choice D rationale:
One of the known side effects of rifampin is that it can cause a red-orange discoloration of body fluids, including urine, sweat, saliva, and tears. This can be alarming to patients if they are not forewarned, so it’s important for the nurse to provide this information during discharge instructions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by certain types of viruses. It is primarily used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections, chickenpox, and shingles. However, it is not typically used as an anti-HIV drug.
Choice B rationale:
Ribavirin is an antiviral medication used to treat hepatitis C and certain other viral infections. While it has broad-spectrum antiviral activity, it is not specifically used to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
Choice C rationale:
Foscarnet is an antiviral medication used to treat or prevent cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in individuals with AIDS. It is also used to treat cold sores and genital herpes. However, it is not the first-line choice for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
Choice D rationale:
Zidovudine, also known as AZT, is an antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS. It is generally safe for use during pregnancy and is commonly used to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV12. It works by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, thereby blocking viral replication. The use of Zidovudine and other antiretroviral drugs in pregnant women with HIV has significantly reduced the rate of mother-to-child transmission of the virus.
Correct Answer is ["2.5 "]
Explanation
Step 1: Identify the given values. The nurse needs to administer 2.5 mg of hydromorphone. The available amount is 5 mg/5 mL.
Step 2: Set up the calculation. We need to find out how many mL correspond to 2.5 mg. We can set up a proportion using the given values:
5 mL5 mg=x mL2.5 mg
Step 3: Solve for x. Cross-multiply and solve for x:
5 mg×x mL=2.5 mg×5 mL
Step 4: Simplify the equation:
x=5 mg.5 mg×5 mL
Step 5: Calculate the value of x:
x=2.5 mL
So, the nurse should administer 2.5 mL of the hydromorphone elixir.
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