A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has pulmonary tuberculosis and a new prescription for rifampin.
Which of the following information should the nurse provide?
“The treatment with this medication will last for one month.”
“It is best to take the medication with meals.”
“This medication can cause insomnia.”
“Urine and other secretions might turn orange.”
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
Rifampin is an antibiotic used to treat or prevent tuberculosis (TB). However, the treatment with this medication typically lasts longer than one month. In fact, TB treatment usually involves taking several drugs for a long time.
Choice B rationale:
While it’s important to take some medications with meals to increase absorption or decrease stomach upset, rifampin should be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal. This helps to ensure optimal absorption of the medication.
Choice C rationale:
Insomnia is not typically listed as a common side effect of rifampin. The medication can cause a number of side effects, but these more commonly include things like upset stomach, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and changes in behavior.
Choice D rationale:
One of the known side effects of rifampin is that it can cause a red-orange discoloration of body fluids, including urine, sweat, saliva, and tears. This can be alarming to patients if they are not forewarned, so it’s important for the nurse to provide this information during discharge instructions.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Double vision is not a common side effect of quinolones. Quinolones are a type of antibiotic that are used to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. While they can have side effects, double vision is not typically one of them.
Choice B rationale:
Tendonitis and tendon rupture are known adverse effects of quinolones. These antibiotics can very rarely cause long-lasting, disabling, and potentially irreversible side effects, sometimes affecting multiple systems, organ classes, and senses. One of these side effects is damage to the tendons, which can manifest as tendonitis (inflammation of the tendon) or even tendon rupture. This is particularly a concern for people older than 60 years and for those with renal impairment or solid-organ transplants because they are at a higher risk of tendon injury.
Choice C rationale:
Neuralgia, or nerve pain, is not a common side effect of quinolones. While these antibiotics can affect the nervous system and cause side effects such as peripheral neuropathy and central nervous system effects, neuralgia is not typically reported.
Choice D rationale:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not typically associated with the use of quinolones. These antibiotics can have various side effects, but a significant drop in blood pressure is not commonly reported.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Confusion can be a symptom of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when your body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones. The condition develops when your body can’t produce enough insulin. Insulin normally plays a key role in helping sugar (glucose) — a major source of energy for your muscles and other tissues — enter your cells. Without enough insulin, your body begins to break down fat as fuel. This process produces a buildup of acids in the bloodstream called ketones, eventually leading to diabetic ketoacidosis if untreated.
Choice B rationale:
Polydipsia, or excessive thirst, is another common symptom of DKA. High blood sugar levels can cause increased urination, leading to dehydration and an increased feeling of thirst.
Choice C rationale:
A rapid pulse is also a symptom of DKA. This is because the body is trying to compensate for the low amount of fluid in your blood vessels due to dehydration.
Choice D rationale:
Clammy skin is not typically a symptom of DKA. It’s more commonly associated with hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), not hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) which is what occurs in DKA1.
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