A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus and plans to
make dietary adjustments. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Eat at least 45 g of fiber per day.
Consume less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day.
Eat no more than 300 mg of cholesterol per day.
Consume less than 45% of total calories from carbohydrates per day.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: While fiber is important in a diet, recommending at least 45 g per day does not specifically address the needs of a patient with diabetic nephropathy.
Choice B reason: Consuming less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day is recommended for patients with diabetic nephropathy to reduce the workload on the kidneys.
Choice C reason: Limiting cholesterol intake to 300 mg per day is a general recommendation for heart health but is not specific to diabetic nephropathy dietary management.
Choice D reason: The recommendation to consume less than 45% of total calories from carbohydrates is not specific to diabetic nephropathy, and carbohydrate needs can vary based on individual energy requirements.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Ensuring the client's urine output is at least 1 mL/kg/hour is important before administering potassium to prevent hyperkalemia, especially in clients with renal impairment.
Choice B reason: While educating the client about high-potassium food sources is important, it is not directly related to the administration of intravenous potassium.
Choice C reason: Cardiac monitoring during infusion is crucial due to the risk of arrhythmias associated with rapid
changes in potassium levels.
Choice D reason: Repeating blood serum potassium is necessary to monitor the effectiveness of the supplementation and avoid hyperkalemia.
Choice E reason: Potassium should not be prepared with 5% dextrose solution as it may cause a trans-cellular shift of potassium into cells, which is not recommended.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Pancreatic cysts can be associated with PKD but are not typically linked with severe headaches.
Choice B reason: Cerebral aneurysms are a known complication of PKD and can present with severe headaches if they leak or rupture.
Choice C reason: Renal calculi, or kidney stones, can cause pain but are not typically associated with headaches.
Choice D reason: Diverticulitis is a condition of the colon and would not be expected to cause headaches.
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