A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has nephropathy secondary to diabetes mellitus and plans to
make dietary adjustments. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Eat at least 45 g of fiber per day.
Consume less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day.
Eat no more than 300 mg of cholesterol per day.
Consume less than 45% of total calories from carbohydrates per day.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: While fiber is important in a diet, recommending at least 45 g per day does not specifically address the needs of a patient with diabetic nephropathy.
Choice B reason: Consuming less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day is recommended for patients with diabetic nephropathy to reduce the workload on the kidneys.
Choice C reason: Limiting cholesterol intake to 300 mg per day is a general recommendation for heart health but is not specific to diabetic nephropathy dietary management.
Choice D reason: The recommendation to consume less than 45% of total calories from carbohydrates is not specific to diabetic nephropathy, and carbohydrate needs can vary based on individual energy requirements.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E","F"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Frothy urine is not a typical symptom of pyelonephritis; it is more associated with proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome.
Choice B reason: Lower abdominal pain can be a symptom of pyelonephritis due to in?ammation and infection in the kidneys.
Choice C reason: Hypertension is not a direct symptom of pyelonephritis, although it can be associated with chronic kidney disease.
Choice D reason: A fish-type urine odor can be present in pyelonephritis due to the presence of bacteria.
Choice E reason: Mental confusion can occur, especially in severe cases or in elderly patients with pyelonephritis.
Choice F reason: A weak urine stream may be present if there is swelling or obstruction in the urinary tract due to infection.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: As CKD progresses, the kidneys' ability to filter blood decreases, leading to an increase in urine albumin, a sign of kidney damage.
Choice B reason: GFR would decrease, not increase, as CKD progresses because the kidneys' filtering capacity diminishes.
Choice C reason: Creatinine levels would increase, not decrease, as kidney function worsens in CKD.
Choice D reason: Proteinuria would increase, not decrease, as CKD progresses due to the kidneys' impaired filtering
ability
.
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