A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for a 2-g sodium diet. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as an understanding of the teaching?

"I should use canned instead of frozen vegetables."

"I can season my foods with lemon juice."

"I should use salt sparingly while cooking."

"I can use baking soda when I bake."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A 2-g sodium diet means limiting sodium intake to no more than 2000 mg per day. Sodium is found in salt and many processed foods, such as canned vegetables, soups, sauces, and baked goods. Sodium can cause fluid retention and worsen heart failure symptoms, such as shortness of breath, swelling, and fatigue. Therefore, the client should avoid adding salt or salt substitutes (such as baking soda) to their foods and choose fresh or frozen vegetables over canned ones. Lemon juice is a low-sodium alternative that can add flavor to foods without increasing sodium intake.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The client should expect less than 25 mL of secretions per day in the drainage devices before they are removed, usually within 7 to 10 days after surgery. This indicates that the wound is healing and there is no excessive fluid accumulation in the surgical site. The other statements are incorrect and indicate a need for further teaching. The client should not wait 2 months before additional saline can be added to the breast expander, as this may delay the reconstruction process and increase the risk of infection or contracture.

The client should keep the left arm elevated on a pillow and avoid flexing it at the elbow, as this may impair lymphatic drainage and cause edema or pain. The client should perform gentle range-of-motion exercises with the left arm and avoid lifting heavy objects such as a 15-pound weight, as this may strain the incision or cause bleeding.

A. The amount of drainage is gradually decreasing. B. The client's abdomen becomes distended and firm. C. The client reports being extremely thirsty with a sore throat. D. The drainage is bright green in color with brown fecal material.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Abdominal distension and firmness indicate increased intra-abdominal pressure, which can compromise blood flow to the bowel and cause ischemia, necrosis, or perforation.

The nurse should report this finding to the provider and assess for signs of shock or peritonitis.

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A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for a 2-g sodium diet. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

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