A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for a 2-g sodium diet. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as an understanding of the teaching?
"I should use canned instead of frozen vegetables."
"I can season my foods with lemon juice."
"I should use salt sparingly while cooking."
"I can use baking soda when I bake."
The Correct Answer is B
A 2-g sodium diet means limiting sodium intake to no more than 2000 mg per day. Sodium is found in salt and many processed foods, such as canned vegetables, soups, sauces, and baked goods. Sodium can cause fluid retention and worsen heart failure symptoms, such as shortness of breath, swelling, and fatigue. Therefore, the client should avoid adding salt or salt substitutes (such as baking soda) to their foods and choose fresh or frozen vegetables over canned ones. Lemon juice is a low-sodium alternative that can add flavor to foods without increasing sodium intake.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The nurse should plan to confirm the correct position of the line by obtaining a blood sample, as this is one of the methods to verify placement and patency of a central venous catheter. The nurse should also instruct the client to perform a Valsalva maneuver (bearing down) as the catheter is inserted, place the head of the client's bed higher than 30 degrees, and cleanse the site with an antiseptic solution such as chlorhexidine.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice a.This response may come across as challenging or confrontational. While the nurse is asking for more information, the phrasing could inadvertently put the client on the defensive. It doesn't validate the client's feelings and may not encourage a productive dialogue.
- Choice b. “Suggesting peer support or mentorship from someone who has gone through a similar experience could be beneficial in some situations, as it may help the client feel less isolated.
- Choice c. “Most people can adjust following this surgery.” may be true, but it does not acknowledge the client’s individual experience and feelings. It may also sound dismissive or minimizing of the client’s challenges.
- Choice d. “You are upset. We can talk about this later.” may be intended to give the client some space, but it does not convey empathy or support. It may also make the client feel rejected or ignored.
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