A nurse is caring for a client who understands a prescribed surgical procedure, but cannot read or write. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Contact the client's power of attorney to sign the consent.

Inform a family member of the need to sign the consent.

Notify the surgical team that the client is unable to sign the consent.

Allow the client to sign the consent with an X

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Allow the client to sign the consent with an X. The client has the right to give informed consent if they understand the procedure and its risks and benefits, even if they cannot read or write. The nurse should witness and document the client's signature with an X and verify their identity and understanding. The other options are not appropriate because they violate the client's autonomy and dignity.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A flat lesion with irregular borders is one of the signs of melanoma, a type of skin cancer that arises from melanocytes, the cells that produce pigment. Other signs of melanoma include asymmetry, color variation, diameter greater than 6 mm, and evolution or change over time. The other options are more characteristic of other types of skin cancer or benign lesions.

A. Vasovagal bradycardia without syncope B. Complete AV block with rates slower than 40/min C. Sinus tachycardia with rates faster than 80/min D. Asymptomatic second-degree AV block

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A complete AV block (also called third-degree AV block) is a type of heart block in which there is no electrical communication between the atria and ventricles. This means that the atria and ventricles beat independently of each other, resulting in a slow and irregular pulse. A complete AV block can cause symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, chest pain, shortness of breath, and heart failure.

A permanent pacemaker is a device that sends electrical impulses to the heart to regulate its rhythm and prevent bradycardia (slow heart rate). A permanent pacemaker is indicated for clients with complete AV block and rates slower than 40/min or symptomatic bradycardia.

The other options are not indications for a permanent pacemaker. Vasovagal bradycardia is a temporary drop in heart rate and blood pressure caused by a stimulus that triggers the vagus nerve, such as pain, stress, or straining.

It usually resolves on its own or with simple measures, such as lying down or elevating the legs. Sinus tachycardia is a normal increase in heart rate in response to physical or emotional stress, such as exercise, fever, or anxiety. It usually does not require treatment unless it is caused by an underlying condition or causes symptoms.

Asymptomatic second-degree AV block is a type of heart block in which some of the electrical impulses from the atria are blocked from reaching the ventricles. It may not cause any symptoms or affect the overall heart rate. It may be benign or transient, or it may progress to a more serious type of heart block. It may require monitoring or medication, but not a permanent pacemaker unless it causes symptomatic bradycardia.

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A nurse is caring for a client who understands a prescribed surgical procedure, but cannot read or write. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is performing skin cancer screening on a group of clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of melanoma?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing a client's cardiac monitor for dysrhythmias. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication for the placement of a permanent pacemaker?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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