A nurse is preparing to discontinue long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy for a client. The nurse should plan to discontinue the TPN gradually to reduce the risk of which of the following adverse effects?

Hyperglycemia

Hypoglycemia

Diarrhea

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

TPN is a form of intravenous nutrition that provides glucose, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and electrolytes to clients who cannot eat or absorb nutrients through their gastrointestinal tract. Discontinuing TPN abruptly can cause a sudden drop in blood glucose levels, leading to hypoglycemia .

Hyperglycemia can occur during TPN administration if the glucose infusion rate is too high or if the client has insulin resistance . Diarrhea can occur as a result of infection, bowel ischemia, or intolerance to enteral feeding . Hypertension can occur due to fluid overload, electrolyte imbalance, or vascular complications .

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Protamine sulfate is an antidote for heparin overdose and can reverse its anticoagulant effects. It should be available at the bedside in case of bleeding complications or heparin toxicity. The nurse should monitor the client's activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and adjust the heparin infusion rate accordingly.

A. Apply an ice pack to the client's knee. B. Place pillows under the client's knee. C. Gently massage the area around the client's incision. D. Perform range-of-motion exercises to the client's knee.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Applying an ice pack to the client's knee can help reduce inflammation, swelling, and pain after a total knee arthroplasty. The nurse should avoid placing pillows under the client's knee, as this can cause flexion contractures and impair mobility and healing. Massaging or manipulating the incision site can increase pain and risk of infection or bleeding. Range-of-motion exercises are important for recovery, but they should be done with caution and under supervision, not when the client is experiencing severe pain.

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A nurse is preparing to discontinue long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy for a client. The nurse should plan to discontinue the TPN gradually to reduce the risk of which of the following adverse effects?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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