A nurse is preparing to discontinue long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy for a client. The nurse should plan to discontinue the TPN gradually to reduce the risk of which of the following adverse effects?
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Diarrhea
Hypertension
The Correct Answer is B
TPN is a form of intravenous nutrition that provides glucose, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and electrolytes to clients who cannot eat or absorb nutrients through their gastrointestinal tract. Discontinuing TPN abruptly can cause a sudden drop in blood glucose levels, leading to hypoglycemia .
Hyperglycemia can occur during TPN administration if the glucose infusion rate is too high or if the client has insulin resistance . Diarrhea can occur as a result of infection, bowel ischemia, or intolerance to enteral feeding . Hypertension can occur due to fluid overload, electrolyte imbalance, or vascular complications .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A WBC count of 20,000/mm3 indicates infection and inflammation, which is expected in osteomyelitis. Long-term IV antibiotic therapy is a common treatment for osteomyelitis and may require a referral to avoid peripherl thrombophlebitis. Furosemide is a diuretic that may be prescribed for clients who have fluid retention or hypertension, which are not related to osteomyelitis. A HbA1c of 6% indicates good glycemic control for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which can help prevent complications and infections.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Valsartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker that lowers blood pressure by blocking the vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II. Loweringblood pressure reduces the workload of the heart and improves cardiac function in patients with heart failure . Decreased urinary output, increased heart rate, and increased potassium level are not expected outcomes of valsartan therapy and may indicate worsening of heart failure or adverse effects of the medication.
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