A nurse is preparing to discontinue long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy for a client. The nurse should plan to discontinue the TPN gradually to reduce the risk of which of the following adverse effects?

Hyperglycemia

Hypoglycemia

Diarrhea

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

TPN is a form of intravenous nutrition that provides glucose, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and electrolytes to clients who cannot eat or absorb nutrients through their gastrointestinal tract. Discontinuing TPN abruptly can cause a sudden drop in blood glucose levels, leading to hypoglycemia .

Hyperglycemia can occur during TPN administration if the glucose infusion rate is too high or if the client has insulin resistance . Diarrhea can occur as a result of infection, bowel ischemia, or intolerance to enteral feeding . Hypertension can occur due to fluid overload, electrolyte imbalance, or vascular complications .

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

This is a low hemoglobin level, which may indicate blood loss. The nurse should report this finding to the provider immediately, as it may require further investigation and intervention, such as blood transfusion.

A. Lithium B. Regular insulin C. Furosemide D. Desmopressin

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Desmopressin is a synthetic form of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which regulates water balance in the body. Diabetes insipidus is a condition caused by a deficiency or resistance to ADH, resulting in excessive urination and thirst. Desmopressin helps reduce urine output and prevent dehydration by mimicking the action of ADH on the kidneys. Lithium is a mood stabilizer that can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus by interfering with the response of the kidneys to ADH. Regular insulin is used to treat diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus, as it lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating its uptake into cells.

Furosemide is a diuretic that increases urine output and can worsen dehydration in clients with diabetes insipidus.

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A nurse is preparing to discontinue long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy for a client. The nurse should plan to discontinue the TPN gradually to reduce the risk of which of the following adverse effects?

Nursing Test Bank

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