A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of HIV. Which of the following information should the nurse include about preventing the spread of the infection?
Use condoms with a petroleum-based lubricant.
Buy disposable dishes for daily use.
Clean blood-contaminated surfaces with bleach.
Wash soiled clothes in cold water.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Use condoms with a petroleum-based lubricant: Petroleum-based lubricants can degrade latex condoms, increasing the risk of breakage and HIV transmission. Water- or silicone-based lubricants are recommended to preserve condom integrity.
B. Buy disposable dishes for daily use: HIV is not transmitted through casual contact such as sharing dishes or eating utensils. This practice is unnecessary and may contribute to stigma and isolation for individuals living with HIV.
C. Clean blood-contaminated surfaces with bleach: Bleach is effective in inactivating HIV on surfaces. A solution of 1:10 bleach to water is recommended for cleaning any area contaminated with blood or body fluids to reduce transmission risk.
D. Wash soiled clothes in cold water: Cold water is less effective at killing pathogens. Hot water and standard laundry detergent are recommended for properly cleaning clothing contaminated with blood or body fluids.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Weighing clients is within the scope of an assistive personnel’s role, provided they have been properly trained in using facility equipment and understand the procedure. The nurse retains responsibility for ensuring the accuracy of the data and interpreting it.
B. This response focuses on the nurse’s ability rather than appropriate delegation. Delegating tasks helps manage time and resources effectively when delegation is safe and appropriate.
C. Weighing clients does not require nursing judgment; it is a routine, stable task that is appropriate for delegation under the right conditions.
D. Weights obtained on new clients may be needed before a full nursing assessment, but initial assessments must be performed by a nurse, not delegated to APs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. “Use an indoor tanning bed instead of outside.”: Indoor tanning exposes the skin to concentrated ultraviolet radiation, which significantly increases the risk of developing skin cancer, including melanoma. It is not a safe alternative to outdoor sun exposure.
B. “Plan to spend time tanning between 10 am and 2 pm.”: This time frame represents peak UV radiation hours, and sun exposure should be minimized during this period to reduce the risk of skin damage and cancer.
C. “Apply sunscreen before and after swimming.”: Sunscreen should be applied 15–30 minutes before sun exposure and reapplied after swimming or sweating. Water can wash off sunblock, so reapplication helps maintain effective protection against UV rays.
D. “Use sunblock with an SPF of 10 when I am outdoors.”: An SPF of 10 provides minimal protection and is inadequate for preventing skin damage. A minimum SPF of 30 is recommended for effective protection against both UVA and UVB radiation.
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