A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of HIV. Which of the following information should the nurse include about preventing the spread of the infection?
Use condoms with a petroleum-based lubricant.
Buy disposable dishes for daily use.
Clean blood-contaminated surfaces with bleach.
Wash soiled clothes in cold water.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Use condoms with a petroleum-based lubricant: Petroleum-based lubricants can degrade latex condoms, increasing the risk of breakage and HIV transmission. Water- or silicone-based lubricants are recommended to preserve condom integrity.
B. Buy disposable dishes for daily use: HIV is not transmitted through casual contact such as sharing dishes or eating utensils. This practice is unnecessary and may contribute to stigma and isolation for individuals living with HIV.
C. Clean blood-contaminated surfaces with bleach: Bleach is effective in inactivating HIV on surfaces. A solution of 1:10 bleach to water is recommended for cleaning any area contaminated with blood or body fluids to reduce transmission risk.
D. Wash soiled clothes in cold water: Cold water is less effective at killing pathogens. Hot water and standard laundry detergent are recommended for properly cleaning clothing contaminated with blood or body fluids.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Grilled hot dog with French fries: Hot dogs may contain fillers with gluten, and cross-contamination in fries is common if shared fryers are used, making this choice unsafe.
B. Oatmeal cookie with raisins: Unless the oats are certified gluten-free, they may be contaminated with gluten during processing, posing a risk for children with celiac disease.
C. Baked sweet potato with cinnamon: Sweet potatoes are naturally gluten-free, and cinnamon is safe as well. This option provides a nutritious and safe food for a child with celiac disease.
D. Hazelnut butter on wheat toast: Wheat toast contains gluten and should be strictly avoided in individuals with celiac disease, even if the topping is gluten-free.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. “Avoid high-fiber foods while taking this medication.”: Fentanyl can cause constipation, so a diet high in fiber is actually recommended to promote bowel regularity. Avoiding fiber would worsen one of the drug’s common side effects.
B. “Remove the patch for 8 hours every day to reduce the risk of tolerance.": Fentanyl patches are designed for continuous, 72-hour use. Removing the patch disrupts pain control and may lead to withdrawal symptoms or inadequate analgesia.
C. “Avoid hot tubs while wearing the patch.”: Heat exposure, including hot tubs or heating pads, can increase fentanyl absorption, potentially leading to overdose. Clients should be advised to avoid external heat sources near the patch.
D. “Apply the patch to your forearm.”: The patch should be applied to a flat, non-irritated area of the upper torso or upper arm. The forearm is not typically recommended due to its mobility and potential for detachment or reduced absorption.
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