A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of HIV. Which of the following information should the nurse include about preventing the spread of the infection?

Use condoms with a petroleum-based lubricant.

Buy disposable dishes for daily use.

Clean blood-contaminated surfaces with bleach.

Wash soiled clothes in cold water.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Use condoms with a petroleum-based lubricant: Petroleum-based lubricants can degrade latex condoms, increasing the risk of breakage and HIV transmission. Water- or silicone-based lubricants are recommended to preserve condom integrity.
B. Buy disposable dishes for daily use: HIV is not transmitted through casual contact such as sharing dishes or eating utensils. This practice is unnecessary and may contribute to stigma and isolation for individuals living with HIV.
C. Clean blood-contaminated surfaces with bleach: Bleach is effective in inactivating HIV on surfaces. A solution of 1:10 bleach to water is recommended for cleaning any area contaminated with blood or body fluids to reduce transmission risk.
D. Wash soiled clothes in cold water: Cold water is less effective at killing pathogens. Hot water and standard laundry detergent are recommended for properly cleaning clothing contaminated with blood or body fluids.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The client is tolerating clear liquids: Following gastric banding surgery, clients typically begin with clear liquids and gradually progress to more solid foods. Tolerating clear liquids 36 hours post-op is expected and indicates appropriate recovery.
B. The client is voiding at least 250 mL/hr: A urine output of 250 mL/hr is abnormally high and could suggest overhydration or other issues. Normal expected output is around 30–50 mL/hr postoperatively.
C. The client is maintaining bed rest: Prolonged bed rest increases the risk of complications like deep vein thrombosis. Clients are generally encouraged to ambulate early unless contraindicated.
D. The client is consuming 1000 calories daily: At 36 hours post-op, the client is not expected to consume high-calorie meals. Intake is usually limited to small amounts of clear liquids to prevent nausea and stress on the surgical site.

A. Rotate staff members caring for the client. B. Speak in a neutral tone when addressing the client. C. Limit the clients opportunities to socialize with others. D. Mix the medication with the client's food items.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Rotate staff members caring for the client: Consistency in caregivers helps build trust in clients with paranoid personality disorder. Frequent changes in staff can increase suspicion and worsen paranoia, making care more difficult.
B. Speak in a neutral tone when addressing the client: A neutral, calm, and non-threatening tone helps avoid triggering the client’s mistrust or defensiveness. Clear and straightforward communication is essential for maintaining therapeutic rapport.
C. Limit the clients opportunities to socialize with others: Social interaction, when appropriate and safe, can help reduce isolation. Restricting social opportunities without cause can reinforce paranoid ideation and hinder recovery.
D. Mix the medication with the client's food items: Covertly administering medication violates client autonomy and can intensify paranoia if discovered. Informed consent and transparent communication are essential in psychiatric care.

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A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of HIV. Which of the following information should the nurse include about preventing the spread of the infection?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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