A nurse is planning care for an adolescent who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following outcomes should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Initiates social interactions with caregivers

Meets own needs without manipulating others

Changes behavior as a result of peer pressure

Acknowledges that his delusions are not real

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Initiates social interactions with caregivers: One of the key goals for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is to improve social skills and interactions. Encouraging the adolescent to initiate social interactions is a positive and realistic outcome that promotes social development and enhances communication skills.

B. Meets own needs without manipulating others: While fostering independence and self-advocacy is important, adolescents with ASD may struggle with understanding social cues and may not manipulate others in a typical sense. This outcome may not be as relevant or achievable for the individual with ASD.

C. Changes behavior as a result of peer pressure: Adolescents with ASD may have difficulty understanding and responding to peer pressure in the same way as their neurotypical peers. This outcome may not be appropriate or realistic for someone with ASD, as it can lead to increased anxiety or discomfort.

D. Acknowledges that his delusions are not real: This outcome is more relevant to conditions such as schizophrenia or severe psychotic disorders, rather than ASD. Adolescents with autism may experience different cognitive challenges but generally do not have delusions in the way that individuals with psychotic disorders do.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "I will do my best to avoid crying in front of my loved ones."
This statement suggests the client might be trying to hide their emotions, which can lead to further emotional distress. Suppressing emotions, like crying, is not a healthy coping mechanism and can exacerbate feelings of sadness and isolation.

B. “I will stay in bed on days when I feel exhausted."
Staying in bed excessively, especially during the day, is a behavior associated with depression and can worsen depressive symptoms. Encouraging the client to maintain a regular sleep schedule and engage in activities, even if they are small, is a more beneficial approach. Physical activity and exposure to natural light can positively impact mood.

C. “I’ll use the coping mechanisms that helped me in the past."
This is the correct choice. Reverting to previously effective coping mechanisms indicates an understanding of self-awareness and the ability to recognize what has worked positively in the past. Coping mechanisms such as relaxation techniques, hobbies, social support, or therapy can be valuable tools in managing depressive symptoms.

D. “I will avoid talking about events that upset me."
Avoiding discussions about upsetting events can prevent the client from addressing and processing their emotions, hindering the therapeutic process. Encouraging open communication and expressing feelings with a trusted individual, therapist, or support group can help the client work through emotional challenges.

A. Long-term isolation B. Dysthymic disorder C. Alcohol intoxication D. Schizoid personality disorder

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Long-term isolation: Long-term isolation, or social isolation, can lead to feelings of loneliness and depression. While prolonged isolation can contribute to mental health issues, it is not a direct risk factor for violent behavior. People who are socially isolated might suffer from emotional distress, but it doesn't necessarily make them violent.

B. Dysthymic disorder: Dysthymic disorder, also known as persistent depressive disorder, is a type of chronic depression. While individuals with dysthymic disorder may experience low moods and a lack of interest in activities, it doesn't inherently make them prone to violence. Depression is more likely to cause self-directed harm (such as self-harm or suicide) rather than violent behavior towards others.

C. Alcohol intoxication: Alcohol is a substance that impairs judgment and reduces inhibitions. When a person is intoxicated, they may act aggressively or violently, even in situations where they wouldn't normally do so. Alcohol intoxication can lead to a loss of control, impaired decision-making, and aggressive behavior, making it a significant risk factor for violent actions.

D. Schizoid personality disorder: Schizoid personality disorder is characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, emotional coldness, and detachment. While individuals with this disorder may prefer to be alone and avoid social interactions, they are not necessarily prone to violent behavior. Schizoid personality disorder primarily affects social functioning rather than predisposing someone to violence.

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A nurse is planning care for an adolescent who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following outcomes should the nurse include in the plan of care?

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