A nurse is caring for a client who reports that he is angry with his partner because she thinks he is just trying to gain attention. When the nurse attempts to talk to the client, he becomes angry and tells her to leave. Which of the following defense mechanisms is the client demonstrating?

Denial

Compensation

Rationalization

Displacement

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Denial:
Denial is a defense mechanism in which a person refuses to accept reality or acknowledge the existence of something that is evident to others. For example, a person diagnosed with a serious illness might deny that they are ill or refuse to believe the diagnosis. In this scenario, the client is not denying a reality; he is expressing anger and directing it toward the nurse.

B. Compensation:
Compensation is a defense mechanism where an individual overachieves in one area to compensate for real or imagined deficiencies in another area. For instance, someone who feels intellectually inferior might excel in sports to compensate for their perceived inadequacy. This is not applicable to the client's situation in the scenario provided.

C. Rationalization:
Rationalization involves providing logical or reasonable explanations to justify behaviors or feelings that might otherwise be unacceptable. For instance, a person might rationalize a failure by blaming external factors rather than accepting personal responsibility. In the scenario, the client is not offering rationalizations but is expressing direct anger.

D. Displacement:
Displacement occurs when emotions, especially anger or frustration, are redirected from the original source to a less threatening target. For example, a person who is angry with their boss might come home and take out their frustration on their family members. In the given situation, the client is displacing his anger from his partner onto the nurse, asking her to leave, making displacement the most appropriate choice.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Encourage participants to express conflicts and work toward resolution:
Explanation: During the working phase of therapy, the nurse encourages participants to express their conflicts, fears, and concerns openly. The working phase is characterized by active participation and problem-solving. Encouraging clients to express their feelings and conflicts helps them work through their issues and promotes resolution. It's a crucial step in the therapeutic process, allowing clients to explore their emotions and gain insight into their anxieties.

B. Inform participants about principles for listening to and respecting each other:
Explanation: Setting ground rules for respectful communication is typically done in the initial or pre-working phase of therapy. While maintaining a respectful environment is important throughout the therapeutic process, it's not specific to the working phase.

C. Suggest that participants reflect on their progress as individuals and as a group:
Explanation: Reflection and assessment of progress can occur throughout therapy, not just in the working phase. It's essential for clients to evaluate their progress, but this action is not exclusive to the working phase.

D. Ask participants to become acquainted with and talk to each other:
Explanation: Building rapport and getting acquainted with other group members often occurs in the initial phase of therapy. During the working phase, the focus shifts more toward discussing and resolving specific issues and conflicts rather than introductory activities.

A. Initiates social interactions with caregivers B. Meets own needs without manipulating others C. Changes behavior as a result of peer pressure D. Acknowledges that his delusions are not real

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Initiates social interactions with caregivers:One of the key goals for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is to improve social skills and interactions. Encouraging the adolescent to initiate social interactions is a positive and realistic outcome that promotes social development and enhances communication skills.

B. Meets own needs without manipulating others:While fostering independence and self-advocacy is important, adolescents with ASD may struggle with understanding social cues and may not manipulate others in a typical sense. This outcome may not be as relevant or achievable for the individual with ASD.

C. Changes behavior as a result of peer pressure:Adolescents with ASD may have difficulty understanding and responding to peer pressure in the same way as their neurotypical peers. This outcome may not be appropriate or realistic for someone with ASD, as it can lead to increased anxiety or discomfort.

D. Acknowledges that his delusions are not real:This outcome is more relevant to conditions such as schizophrenia or severe psychotic disorders, rather than ASD. Adolescents with autism may experience different cognitive challenges but generally do not have delusions in the way that individuals with psychotic disorders do.

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A nurse is caring for a client who reports that he is angry with his partner because she thinks he is just trying to gain attention. When the nurse attempts to talk to the client, he becomes angry and tells her to leave. Which of the following defense mechanisms is the client demonstrating?

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