A nurse is planning care for a client who is at 16 weeks of gestation and has hyperemesis gravidarum. Which of the following actions should the nurse anticipate taking?

Administer a calcium channel blocker.

Encourage foods that are low in proteins.

Monitor for glycosuria.

Monitor IV fluid therapy.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Administer a calcium channel blocker. Calcium channel blockers are used primarily for hypertension, angina, and certain cardiac conditions. They are not standard treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum, which is managed with fluid replacement, antiemetics, and nutritional support to prevent dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
B. Encourage foods that are low in proteins. Protein intake is essential for fetal growth and maternal health. Clients with hyperemesis gravidarum may tolerate small, frequent meals with bland, high-protein foods better than low-protein options. Avoiding protein is not a recommended intervention, as it does not reduce nausea and may contribute to nutritional deficiencies.
C. Monitor for glycosuria. While glycosuria can occur during pregnancy, it is more relevant in the assessment of gestational diabetes rather than hyperemesis gravidarum. The primary concern in hyperemesis gravidarum is dehydration and electrolyte imbalances rather than glycosuria.
D. Monitor IV fluid therapy. Clients with hyperemesis gravidarum often experience severe nausea and vomiting, leading to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. IV fluid therapy is a critical intervention to restore hydration, correct electrolyte imbalances, and prevent complications such as ketonuria and hypotension.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Docusate. Docusate is a stool softener that helps prevent constipation, which can be beneficial for clients taking enoxaparin, as straining during bowel movements can increase the risk of bleeding. It does not have anticoagulant properties and does not pose a significant risk of increased bleeding.
B. Cimetidine. Cimetidine, an H2-receptor antagonist used to reduce stomach acid, does not directly increase bleeding risk. However, long-term use can affect liver metabolism and interact with some anticoagulants, but it is not considered unsafe for routine use with enoxaparin.
C. Calcium supplement. Calcium supplements are commonly used for bone health and do not interfere with enoxaparin’s anticoagulant effects. They do not increase bleeding risk and are generally safe for clients taking anticoagulants.
D. Naproxen. Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that inhibits platelet aggregation and increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. When combined with enoxaparin, which is a low-molecular-weight heparin, the risk of bleeding complications, including gastrointestinal and intracranial hemorrhage, significantly increases. Clients should be advised to use acetaminophen for pain relief instead of NSAIDs while taking enoxaparin.

A. Administer granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. B. Monitor the infant's lymphocyte count C. Educate the infant's guardians about exchange transfusions. D. Initiate droplet precautions.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Administer granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. This medication stimulates neutrophil production in clients with severe neutropenia, such as those undergoing chemotherapy. While HIV can cause neutropenia, routine administration is not necessary unless the infant has recurrent infections and significantly low neutrophil counts.
B. Monitor the infant's lymphocyte count. CD4+ T-cell levels are key indicators of immune function in infants with HIV. Since HIV targets these cells, regular monitoring helps assess disease progression and the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy, guiding treatment adjustments when needed.
C. Educate the infant's guardians about exchange transfusions. Exchange transfusions are used for conditions like severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia or sickle cell disease, not HIV. Managing HIV in infants focuses on early antiretroviral therapy, routine lab monitoring, and infection prevention.
D. Initiate droplet precautions. Standard precautions, such as hand hygiene and appropriate use of personal protective equipment, are sufficient for infection control. HIV is not transmitted through respiratory droplets but through direct contact with infected blood, breast milk, or other bodily fluids.

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A nurse is planning care for a client who is at 16 weeks of gestation and has hyperemesis gravidarum. Which of the following actions should the nurse anticipate taking?

Nursing Test Bank

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