The nurse reviews the client's test results.
Complete the following sentence by using the list of options.
The nurse should wear
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"B"}
Rationale for Correct Choices:
- N95 respirator. The client’s presentation of a cough, fatigue, night sweats, weight loss, and positive sputum culture for M. tuberculosis strongly suggests active tuberculosis (TB). Tuberculosis is transmitted through airborne particles, and an N95 respirator is required to protect healthcare workers from inhaling these particles. The N95 mask is specifically designed to filter out small particles, including the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria.
- Gloves. Gloves should be worn when caring for patients with suspected or confirmed TB to prevent contact transmission. While TB is primarily transmitted via airborne particles, gloves are still necessary to protect healthcare workers from coming into contact with bodily fluids such as sputum or any other potentially contaminated materials.
Rationale for Incorrect Options:
- Face shield. A face shield is not required as primary protection for TB. While face shields can protect against splashes and droplets, TB is primarily transmitted via airborne particles, for which an N95 respirator is more appropriate.
- Surgical mask. A surgical mask is not sufficient for protecting healthcare workers against tuberculosis because it does not filter out small airborne particles like the N95 respirator does. Surgical masks are primarily intended for droplet precautions, but tuberculosis is spread through airborne transmission, necessitating an N95 mask for adequate protection.
- Gown. A gown is not required in this situation unless the patient has other symptoms or conditions that increase the risk of contamination, such as excessive wound drainage or the potential for body fluid splashes. For TB transmission, the primary concern is airborne transmission, and appropriate PPE focuses on respiratory protection (N95) and gloves for contact precautions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"B"}
Explanation
- Rheumatoid arthritis is the most likely condition given the client’s bilateral wrist and shoulder stiffness lasting for several hours in the morning, fatigue, and loss of appetite. The elevated ESR and anemia further support chronic inflammation. Positive ANA, while not specific, can be present in RA and other autoimmune disorders.
- Osteoarthritis is incorrect because it typically presents with stiffness that improves within 30 minutes of activity, not lasting for several hours. It is also a non-inflammatory condition, whereas the client has elevated ESR and anemia, suggesting an inflammatory process.
- Gout is unlikely as it usually causes acute, severe joint pain with redness and swelling, often affecting the big toe. The client’s uric acid level is within normal range, making gout less probable.
- Carpal tunnel syndrome primarily causes numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hands due to median nerve compression. It does not typically cause prolonged morning stiffness, fatigue, or systemic inflammation.
- Positive ANA is not the best choice because while it is seen in rheumatoid arthritis, it is also present in other autoimmune diseases such as lupus. It does not specifically confirm RA.
- Normal WBC count does not support an inflammatory condition, as RA can lead to mild leukopenia, which is seen in the follow-up labs.
- Low blood pressure is not a defining feature of RA and does not correlate with the client’s symptoms or disease progression
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Take the medication and then lay down for 30 min. Doxycycline can cause esophageal irritation and ulceration if not taken properly. Clients should remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication to reduce the risk of esophagitis. Lying down immediately after ingestion increases this risk.
B. Take the medication with an antacid. Antacids containing aluminum, calcium, or magnesium can interfere with doxycycline absorption, reducing its effectiveness. Clients should avoid taking antacids within 1 to 2 hours of doxycycline administration.
C. Take the medication with calcium-fortified orange juice. Calcium interferes with the absorption of doxycycline, potentially decreasing its effectiveness. Clients should avoid dairy products and calcium-rich foods or beverages when taking this medication.
D. Take the medication with crackers. Taking doxycycline with food, such as crackers or a light snack, can help reduce gastrointestinal discomfort without significantly affecting its absorption. Although doxycycline is best absorbed on an empty stomach, taking it with a small amount of food can help minimize nausea and vomiting.
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