A nurse is monitoring a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Elevated BUN
Hypercalcemia
Metabolic alkalosis
Hypokalemia
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: In acute kidney injury (AKI), the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is expected to be elevated due to the kidneys' impaired ability to excrete urea, which is a waste product of protein metabolism. Normal BUN levels range from approximately 7 to 20 mg/dL.
Choice B reason: Hypercalcemia is not commonly associated with AKI. Instead, patients with AKI may experience hypocalcemia due to the kidneys' reduced ability to convert vitamin D to its active form, which is necessary for calcium absorption.
Choice C reason: Metabolic alkalosis is not a typical finding in AKI. More commonly, patients with AKI experience metabolic acidosis because the kidneys are unable to excrete acid effectively, leading to an accumulation of acid in the body.
Choice D reason: Hypokalemia is generally not expected in AKI. The condition is more often associated with hyperkalemia, as the impaired kidney function leads to a reduced excretion of potassium, which can accumulate to dangerous levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["50"]
Explanation
Step 1: The total amount of phenytoin required per dose is 250 mg.
Step 2: Each 5 mL of oral solution contains 25 mg of phenytoin.
Step 3: To find out how many mL are needed, we divide the total amount required by the amount in each 5 mL of oral solution. So, (250 mg ÷ 25 mg/5 mL).
Step 4: The result is 50 mL.
So, the nurse should administer 50 mL per dose. This is already a whole number, so no rounding is necessary.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fever can occur if the renal calculus leads to infection, which is a common complication associated with kidney stones.
Choice B reason: Urinary urgency is a symptom that can be associated with renal calculi, especially if the stones are
located in the lower part of the urinary tract.
Choice C reason: Incontinence is not typically a direct symptom of renal calculi, but it may occur secondary to other symptoms or complications.
Choice D reason: Gastrointestinal upset is not a common symptom of renal calculus, although some patients may experience nausea and vomiting.
Choice E reason: Flank pain is a classic symptom of renal calculus, often described as severe and colicky, radiating from the back towards the groin.
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