A nurse is caring for a client who has an admited diagnosis of renal calculi and a medical history of hypertension and gout. The client works 6 days a week outside in temperatures between 32.2°C to 37.8°C (90°F to 100°F). Which of the following should the nurse tell the client to prevent a recurrence of renal calculi?

Eat a diet high in calcium oxalate-rich foods.

Continue to take your prescribed gout medication.

Drink plenty of fluids during the day.

Eat a diet high in purine-rich foods.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: A diet high in calcium oxalate-rich foods should be avoided as it can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate stones.

Choice B reason: Continuing prescribed gout medication is important, but it does not directly prevent the formation of renal calculi unless the medication is specifically for reducing uric acid levels.

Choice C reason: Drinking plenty of fluids, especially water, is one of the most effective ways to prevent the recurrence of renal calculi by diluting the urine and reducing the concentration of stone-forming minerals.

Choice D reason: A diet high in purine-rich foods can increase the risk of uric acid stones and should be avoided, especially in patients with gout and a history of renal calculi.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: The bladder is not where renal calculi typically begin to form; it is where they may end up if they travel down from the kidneys.

Choice B reason: Renal calculi commonly begin forming at the renal papilla, which is part of the kidney where urine collects before it flows into the ureter.

Choice C reason: The ureter is not the typical starting point for the formation of renal calculi, though stones can travel through it.

Choice D reason: The urethra is not a common site for the formation of renal calculi; it is the duct through which urine is discharged.

A. Pain management B. Blood glucose control C. Fluid restriction D. Blood pressure control

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: While pain management is important for comfort, it does not directly slow the progression of PKD to ESRD.

Choice B reason: Blood glucose control is important for overall health but is not the most critical factor in slowing the progression of PKD to ESRD.

Choice C reason: Fluid restriction is not typically necessary for PKD unless there is an associated condition that requires it.

Choice D reason: Blood pressure control is crucial in PKD as hypertension can accelerate the progression to ESRD.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department with a diagnosis of renal calculi. Which of the following areas of the renal system do most renal calculi begin forming?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a group of clients diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease (PKD). While teaching about ways to slow the progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which of the following topics would be most important for the nurse to include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is gathering medical history from a client admited for pyelonephritis. Which of the following should the nurse expect the client to report when asked about their medical history?

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has nephrotic syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is caring for a female client who has recurrent kidney stones and is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse report to the provider?

A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is admitting a client who has pyelonephritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to be present during the assessment? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is teaching a group of unlicensed assistive personnel about urinary tract infections (UTIs) in clients who have vaginas. When describing why clients who have vaginas have higher rates of UTIs than clients who do not have vaginas, which of the following explanations should the nurse use?

A nurse is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and has a blood glucose level of 550 mg/dL. Which of the following should the nurse assess the client for if diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is suspected?