A nurse is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and has a blood glucose level of 550 mg/dL. Which of the following should the nurse assess the client for if diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is suspected?

Dizziness

Nervousness

Mental status changes

Cool, clammy skin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Dizziness can be a symptom of DKA due to dehydration; however, it is not as specific as mental status changes.

Choice B reason: Nervousness is not a specific symptom of DKA and can be related to high blood glucose levels rather than DKA itself.

Choice C reason: Mental status changes such as confusion or altered consciousness are significant indicators of DKA and require immediate medical atention.

Choice D reason: Cool, clammy skin is not typically associated with DKA; instead, DKA can present with dry skin and mouth due to dehydration.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Black Americans have been found to have a higher prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to diabetes mellitus compared to other ethnic groups. This is atributed to a combination of factors including higher rates of diabetes, hypertension, and genetic predispositions that contribute to kidney damage.

Choice B reason: While Asian Americans do have a significant incidence of diabetes mellitus, they are not the group with the highest prevalence of ESRD due to diabetes. However, within the Asian American population, there are subgroups that have higher rates of ESRD, which may be in?uenced by genetic and environmental factors.

Choice C reason: Non-Hispanic Whites have a lower prevalence of ESRD due to diabetes mellitus when compared to Black Americans. However, they still constitute a significant portion of the ESRD population due to the larger size of this demographic group in the general population.

Choice D reason: Hispanic/Latinos also su?er from a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus, which can lead to ESRD. However, the rate of progression to ESRD due to diabetes is not as high as in the Black American population.

Socioeconomic factors and access to healthcare may in?uence these outcomes.

A. Decreased creatinine level B. Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) C. Hyperkalemia D. Hypomagnesemia

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: In the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, the creatinine level is expected to increase, not decrease, due to impaired kidney function and decreased filtration.

Choice B reason: The GFR is expected to decrease in acute kidney injury, not increase, as the kidneys' ability to filter

blood is compromised.

Choice C reason: Hyperkalemia, or high potassium levels in the blood, is a common finding in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury due to decreased excretion of potassium by the kidneys.

Choice D reason: Hypomagnesemia, or low magnesium levels, is not typically associated with the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Instead, hypermagnesemia may occur due to decreased excretion of magnesium.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and has a blood glucose level of 550 mg/dL. Which of the following should the nurse assess the client for if diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is suspected?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in a public clinic is researching health data on culturally diverse populations in the community. Which of the following population groups should the nurse anticipate having end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to diabetes mellitus?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client in the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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