A nurse is collecting data from an infant who has a large patent ductus arteriosus. Which of the following is clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?
Cyanosis with crying
Weak pulses
Chronic hypoxemia
Machine-like murmur
The Correct Answer is D
A. Cyanosis with crying: Cyanosis is less common in isolated PDA and more indicative of other congenital heart defects. PDA usually results in increased pulmonary blood flow and may not directly cause cyanosis, especially in less severe cases.
B. Weak pulses: PDA typically causes increased pulmonary blood flow and can result in bounding pulses rather than weak ones. Weak pulses are more indicative of reduced cardiac output, which is not characteristic of PDA.
C. Chronic hypoxemia: Chronic hypoxemia is less associated with PDA and more common in cyanotic heart defects where oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix. PDA primarily affects the volume of blood flow to the lungs and may not lead to hypoxemia unless complicated by other conditions.
D. Machine-like murmur: A characteristic feature of PDA is a continuous, machine-like murmur caused by turbulent blood flow between the aorta and the pulmonary artery. This murmur is a hallmark sign of PDA and is typically heard during auscultation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Answer: B. "I'll take this medication with a full glass of milk."
A. "I'll take this medication at least an hour before I eat a meal."
This statement indicates correct understanding. Tetracycline should ideally be taken on an empty stomach, which means taking it at least one hour before or two hours after meals to maximize absorption and effectiveness.
B. "I'll take this medication with a full glass of milk."
This statement indicates a need for further education. Tetracycline should not be taken with dairy products, including milk, because calcium in dairy can bind to the antibiotic and significantly reduce its absorption, making the medication less effective.
C. "I'll take this medication with a full glass of water on an empty stomach."
This statement demonstrates proper understanding. Tetracycline should be taken with a full glass of water and on an empty stomach to ensure optimal absorption and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal irritation.
D. "I'll stay out of direct sunlight while taking this medication."
This statement reflects correct knowledge about the medication. Tetracycline can increase sensitivity to sunlight (photosensitivity), so it is advisable for the client to avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight and use sunscreen to protect their skin.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Temporal: The temporal artery is not commonly used for pulse checks in infants as it can be difficult to palpate and may not provide an accurate heart rate.
B. Carotid: The carotid pulse is not recommended in infants due to the risk of compressing the airway or carotid artery, leading to decreased blood flow to the brain.
C. Apical: The apical pulse is the most reliable method for assessing heart rate in infants. It involves auscultating the heart directly at the chest, which provides the most accurate heart rate measurement.
D. Dorsalis pedis: This site is not typically used for pulse checks in infants as it can be difficult to locate and palpate accurately.
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