A nurse is collecting a sputum specimen from a client for culture and sensitivity. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Collect 2 ml of sputum in an emesis basin

Instruct the client to rinse with an antiseptic mouthwash prior to specimen collection

Swab the oropharynx with a sterile swab

Refrigerate the specimen until the time of transport to the laboratory

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Answer: (D) Refrigerate the specimen until the time of transport to the laboratory

Rationale:

A) Collect 2 ml of sputum in an emesis basin: While it is important to collect an adequate volume of sputum, using an emesis basin is inappropriate for collecting a specimen for culture and sensitivity. Sputum must be collected in a sterile container to avoid contamination, ensuring the accuracy of the culture results.

B) Instruct the client to rinse with an antiseptic mouthwash prior to specimen collection: Using an antiseptic mouthwash before collecting a sputum specimen is not recommended, as it could contaminate the sample with antiseptic agents, potentially affecting the growth of microorganisms in the culture. The client should rinse with plain water instead.

C) Swab the oropharynx with a sterile swab: Swabbing the oropharynx is more appropriate for collecting a throat culture rather than a sputum specimen. Sputum collection requires the client to expectorate mucus from the lower respiratory tract, not from the oropharynx, to obtain an accurate sample for culture and sensitivity.

D) Refrigerate the specimen until the time of transport to the laboratory: Refrigerating the sputum specimen is crucial to preserve the integrity of the sample and inhibit the growth of contaminants before it is transported to the laboratory. This action helps ensure that the results of the culture and sensitivity test are accurate.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Hyponatremia refers to a lower-than-normal level of sodium in the blood. Sodium is an essential electrolyte involved in various bodily functions, including maintaining fluid balance and transmitting nerve impulses. When sodium levels are low, it can lead to fluid imbalances, affecting the function of muscles and nerves. Muscle cramps are a common manifestation of hyponatremia and occur due to alterations in muscle excitability and contractility.

Constipation: Constipation is not typically associated with hyponatremia. It can occur due to various reasons, such as dietary factors, lack of physical activity, or other medical conditions, but it is not a direct consequence of low sodium levels.

Hypertension: Hyponatremia is not usually associated with hypertension (high blood pressure). Hypertension can be caused by several factors, including genetics, lifestyle, and certain medical conditions, but it is not directly related to low sodium levels.

Blurred vision: While blurred vision can occur in some medical conditions, such as diabetes or certain eye disorders, it is not a typical finding in hyponatremia. Visual disturbances are not a direct consequence of low sodium levels.

A. Schedule the medication at meal times. B. Request the family talk to the provider about administering the medication by injection. C. Inform the family that the client has the right not to take the medication. D. Ask the family what foods the client likes.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse should inform the family that the client has the right to refuse medication. It is important to

respect the client's autonomy and right to make decisions about their own care.

a) Scheduling the medication at meal times does not address the issue of the client refusing their medication.

b) Requesting that the family talk to the provider about administering the medication by injection may be an option, but it does not address the issue of informed consent.

d) Asking the family what foods the client likes does not address the issue of informed consent and could be seen as a way to deceive the client into taking their medication.

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A nurse is collecting a sputum specimen from a client for culture and sensitivity. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

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