A nurse is caring for several clients who are receiving well-child check-ups. The nurse should identify that the initial diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine is indicated for which of the following clients?

The nurse should administer bronchodilators first for severe wheezing. Bronchodilators work by relaxing the muscles in the airways, which helps to open them up and make it easier to breathe.

Option b is incorrect because beta blockers are not typically used to treat asthma and can actually worsen symptoms in some clients.

Option c is incorrect because inhaled steroids are used to reduce inflammation in the airways over time and are not typically used for immediate relief of severe wheezing.

Option d is incorrect because anti-inflammatory agents are used to reduce inflammation in the airways over time and are not typically used for immediate relief of severe wheezing.

b. Give directions using simple phrases.

The correct answer is b. Give directions using simple phrases.

Explanation:

When assisting with the plan of care for a client with Alzheimer's disease, it is important to consider their cognitive impairments and provide appropriate interventions. Giving directions using simple phrases is recommended because it helps the client beter understand and follow instructions. Complex or lengthy directions can be confusing and overwhelming for individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Using clear and concise language can enhance communication and facilitate the client's ability to engage in activities of daily living.

Explanation for the other options:

a. Encourage the client to talk about current events: While social interaction and engagement are beneficial for clients with Alzheimer's disease, their ability to comprehend and discuss current events may be limited due to cognitive impairments. It is important to adapt communication to the client's cognitive abilities and interests.

c. Orient the client to time and place twice per day: Frequent orientation to time and place can be helpful for clients with Alzheimer's disease, but the specific frequency should be based on the individual's needs and preferences. Some individuals may require more frequent orientation, while others may find it overwhelming. The plan of care should be individualized to address the client's specific needs.

d. Rotate assistive personnel to help the client with ADLs: Consistency and familiarity are important for individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Rotating assistive personnel frequently may disrupt the client's routine and cause increased confusion and agitation. Whenever possible, it is best to maintain a consistent caregiving team to provide familiarity and establish a therapeutic relationship with the client.

In summary, giving directions using simple phrases is an appropriate action when assisting with the plan of care for a client with Alzheimer's disease. This approach promotes effective communication and enhances the client's ability to understand and follow instructions.