A nurse is planning to obtain blood from a newborn via a heel stick. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Puncture the heel to a depth of 4 mm to obtain the specimen.

Withhold feeding prior to collecting the specimen.

Apply a heat pack 5 to 10 minutes prior to the procedure.

Elevate the newborn's foot for 15 minutes following the procedure.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

The nurse should apply a heat pack 5 to 10 minutes prior to the procedure when planning to obtain blood from a newborn via a heel stick. This helps to increase blood ﬂow to the area and makes it easier to obtain the specimen.

a) Puncturing the heel to a depth of 4 mm is too deep and can cause injury to the newborn. The recommended depth for a heel stick is 2.4 mm or less.

b) Withholding feeding prior to collecting the specimen is not necessary.

d) Elevating the newborn's foot for 15 minutes following the procedure is not necessary.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Immunocompromised individuals have a weakened immune system, which makes them more susceptible to infections. Soiled linens, when placed on the floor, can potentially harbor pathogens and become a source of contamination. It is essential to handle soiled linens properly by placing them in designated containers or bags to prevent the spread of infectious agents.

Uncapped sharps put in a puncture-resistant container: This is the correct practice for disposing of sharps, such as needles or lancets. Uncapped sharps should always be placed in puncture-resistant containers to prevent accidental injuries and potential transmission of infections.

Dampened cloths used for dusting the area: Dampened cloths for dusting can help minimize the dispersal of dust and allergens, but it does not necessarily pose a significant risk of infection.

However, it is important to ensure that the dampened cloths are properly cleaned and sanitized to prevent the growth and spread of microorganisms.

Waste containers lined with single bags: Waste containers lined with single bags are a common practice for proper waste management and disposal. While it is important to maintain good waste management practices to prevent the spread of infections, the use of single bags alone does not significantly affect the risk of infection for immunocompromised clients.

A. Increased liver function B. Increased metabolism C. Decreased pulmonary function D. Decreased kidney function

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

As individuals age, there is a natural decline in kidney function. This can result in a reduced ability to filter and excrete medications and their metabolites from the body. The decreased kidney function can lead to a longer half-life of medications, increased drug accumulation, and an increased risk of adverse drug reactions. It is important for the nurse to adjust medication dosages and frequencies based on the individual's renal function to prevent drug toxicity.

Increased liver function: Aging is associated with a gradual decline in liver function. While there may be some individual variations, in general, liver function decreases rather than increases with age. However, changes in liver function can affect the metabolism and elimination of medications. Some medications may require dosage adjustments based on liver function, but it is not a common physiological change in older adults.

Increased metabolism: Aging is generally associated with a decrease in metabolism rather than an increase. The metabolic rate tends to slow down with age, which can affect the pharmacokinetics of medications. Slower metabolism can result in medications taking longer to be metabolized and cleared from the body, potentially leading to prolonged drug effects.

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A nurse is planning to obtain blood from a newborn via a heel stick. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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