A nurse is caring for an oldest patient.
For each potential provider’s prescription, click to specify if the potential prescription is anticipated or contraindicated for the client.
Ice packs to affected area 15 minutes on, 15 minutes off
Intravenous fluids (IVF) at maintenance rate
Ketorolac IV for pain
Ambulate in hallway with supervision
Meperidine IV for pain
The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"A"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"B"}}
Choice A: Ice packs to affected area 15 minutes on, 15 minutes off
Reason: Ice packs are generally contraindicated for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). The use of ice packs can cause vasoconstriction, which narrows blood vessels and reduces blood flow. This can exacerbate the pain and potentially trigger a vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) by further restricting blood flow to the already compromised areas. Studies have shown that cold exposure can worsen pain in SCD patients, making ice packs an unsuitable option.
Choice B: Intravenous fluids (IVF) at maintenance rate
Reason: Intravenous fluids are anticipated for patients with SCD, especially during a pain crisis. Hydration is crucial as it helps to reduce the viscosity of the blood, thereby improving blood flow and reducing the likelihood of sickling. Adequate hydration can help to alleviate pain and prevent further complications. The administration of IV fluids is a standard practice in managing acute pain episodes in SCD patients.
Choice C: Ketorolac IV for pain
Reason: Ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is anticipated for managing pain in SCD patients. It provides effective pain relief without the risks associated with opioids, such as respiratory depression and dependence. Ketorolac works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins, which are involved in the inflammatory process and pain signaling. It is particularly useful for acute pain management in SCD patients.
Choice D: Ambulate in hallway with supervision
Reason: Ambulation during a pain crisis is generally contraindicated for SCD patients. Movement can increase pain and stress on the affected areas, potentially worsening the condition. During a VOC, patients are often advised to rest and avoid activities that could exacerbate the pain. While physical activity is important for overall health, it should be carefully managed and avoided during acute pain episodes.
Choice E: Meperidine IV for pain
Reason: Meperidine is contraindicated for pain management in SCD patients due to its potential for serious side effects. Meperidine can accumulate in the body and produce a toxic metabolite called normeperidine, which can cause seizures and other adverse effects. Additionally, meperidine is less effective than other opioids and has a higher risk of causing dependency and other complications. Therefore, it is not recommended for managing pain in SCD patients.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Clean clothing is necessary for maintaining hygiene and comfort in disaster situations. Limited access to laundry facilities makes having extra clothing essential for preventing infections and staying dry in extreme weather.
Choice B reason:
Personal identification is crucial during emergencies to access aid, medical services, and shelters. Important documents such as passports or insurance cards help verify identity and facilitate assistance.
Choice C reason:
Three quarts of water per person is not the recommended amount. The standard guideline advises one gallon of water per person per day to meet hydration and sanitation needs, ensuring sufficient supply in prolonged emergencies.
Choice D reason:
Matches are useful for starting fires needed for cooking, warmth, and signaling for help. Waterproof matches or lighters should be included to ensure functionality in wet conditions.
Choice E reason:
Prescription medications are vital for those with chronic health conditions. Having a sufficient supply ensures continuity of treatment, especially when pharmacies may be inaccessible during disasters.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Apply Bilateral Wrist Restraints
Applying bilateral wrist restraints can be necessary in some cases to prevent the child from touching or interfering with the surgical site. However, restraints should be used as a last resort and only when absolutely necessary. They can cause distress and discomfort to the child and should be monitored closely to prevent any complications.
Choice B reason: Administer Opioids for Pain
Administering opioids for pain management is a common practice post-surgery to ensure the child is comfortable. However, opioids should be used cautiously due to the risk of side effects and potential for dependency. Non-opioid pain management strategies, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, are often preferred unless the pain is severe.
Choice C reason: Implement a Soft Diet
Implementing a soft diet is crucial for a child who is 24 hours postoperative following a cleft palate repair. The surgical site in the mouth is still healing, and a soft diet helps prevent any damage or irritation to the area. Soft foods are easier to swallow and less likely to cause pain or disrupt the healing process. Examples of soft foods include mashed potatoes, yogurt, and pureed fruits.
Choice D reason: Offer Fluids Through a Straw
Offering fluids through a straw is not recommended for a child who has undergone cleft palate repair. The suction created by using a straw can put pressure on the surgical site and potentially cause complications. Instead, fluids should be offered using a cup or a spoon to minimize any risk to the healing palate.
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